K - k

ka   See main entry: kangi. preposition. to, at, in, on, from, against, of, with.

-ka   See main entry: -wunga.

-kaga   intransitive verb root 1. Gram: + indirect object prefix stop someone doing something, prevent someone doing something. not used for stopping someone fighting. Syn: -anyuwuluga, -pwanjigi. See: -urukuga; -apulipagi; -ajiyipulagi; -apwiya; -palirri; -majipuwu; -majakilamira; -pwanjigi; -urligi. Category: Social behaviour, Talking or thinking. Category: Social behaviour, Talking or thinking.

-wakaga   stop or prevent someone eating. Gram: Old Tiwi: + indirect object prefix Morph: ‑wa‑’words’ +‑kaga ’prevent'.

kagi   See main entry: kangi. preposition. to, at, in, on, from, against, of, with.

kajarraki   See main entry: kajarruki. free form verb. finish up (food).

kajarruki   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kajarraki; kujurriki. free form verb. finish or use up (food etc). Syn: kirriki -mi, -wapukinyimi. See: -akurrumunyi. Kajarruki ta-mi naki kukuni! Finish up this water! Category: Body functions or actions, Food and cooking, Change of position or state.

kajati   From: English. noun. cassette. Category: Introduced items.

kajimapi   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. free form verb. Gram: May have auxiliary verb with root: -mi catch up with. See: -kiyurruwa; -amurnanyi-. Manya kajimapi! Go ahead, catch him up! Category: Moving.

kajuwi   noun. native cashew, cashew tree. Semecarpus australiensis. People roast the seed pods and eat the seed after throwing away the poisonous outer part. neither the wild kind nor the planted kind is common on the Tiwi Islands. People eat the fruit of the planted kind. Note: Picture by artist at Murripurtiyanuwu Catholic School, Note: Photo from 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p78 Category: Plants, Food and cooking, Introduced food.

kakaralipi   Variant: kankiralipi; kakiralipi; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: karalipi. kinship noun. half-siblings, half-brothers or half-sisters. same father but different mother.Masculine: yinkalipini. Feminine: yinkalipa. See: aminiyatuwi; marrukuluwupi; ngilipi; yuwupi. Category: Kin terms.

kakaruwuwi   Variant: karuwuwi. plural noun. short people.Masculine: karuwuni. Feminine: karuwunga. See: jupurtumpuwi. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

kakijinga   See main entry: kakirijinga. plural noun. small feminine things.

kakijini   See main entry: kakirijini. plural noun. small masculine things.

kakijuwi   See main entry: kakirijuwi. plural noun. children, small (people).

kakiralipi   See main entry: kakaralipi. kinship noun. half-siblings, half-brothers or half-sisters.

kakirija   See main entry: kakiyija. adverb. little bits.

kakirijinawurti   Variant: kakirijinawuti. plural noun. all sorts of small masculine things. Morph: kakirijini ’small masculine things' +‑awurti ’all sorts of things'. Ampi-ni-ri-marruriyi yinkituwi, kakirijinawuti, amitiya kartirrikani. kurrampaluwi, amitiya angi ngampi-ri-paningi-rr-alangimi, amitiya angi ngampi-ri-wunyirri. She (barge) brings goods, all sorts of small things and timber, houses and fridges (Lit: that which we put meat in) and washing machines (that which we wash with). Category: Describing things, Physical qualities, Number and quantity, Size.

kakirijinawuti   See main entry: kakirijinawurti.

kakirijinga   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kakijinga. plural noun. small feminine things.Masculine: kakirijini. See: kirijini; kakirijuwi. Category: Physical qualities, Describing things, Size.

kakirijini   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kakijini; kakiyijini. plural noun. small masculine things.Feminine: kakirijinga. See: kirijini; kakirijuwi. Category: Describing things, Physical qualities, Size.

kakirijiwi   See main entry: kakirijuwi. children.

kakirijuwi   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kakijuwi. plural noun. children, small people.Masculine - Old Tiwi: kirijini. Masculine - Modern Tiwi: kiyijini. Feminine - Old Tiwi: kirijinga. Feminine - Modern Tiwi: kiyijinga, kijinga. See: kakirijini; kakirijinga. Category: People, Human stages, Describing people or animals, Size. Category: People, Human stages, Describing people or animals, Size.

kakijuwi -kirimi   Usage: Modern Tiwi. have or bear children. Morph: kakijuwi + verb with root:‑kirimi ’make’. See: -wurtiyi; -irrortigi. Ngarra arnuka kakijuwi yi-rri-kirimi. He didn't have any children. Category: Body functions or actions.

kakiyija   Variant: kakirija. adverb. little bits. Gram: a plural form of kiyija 'little bit' See: yatati; karluwunara; yatati. Purnikapa kakiyija nyi-rra-m-amugi ngini awuta papirliwi wu-wapa pili wuta karrikamini yinkana. Cut up the meat into small pieces for the old people to eat because they don't have any teeth. Category: Physical qualities.

kakiyijini   See main entry: kakirijini. plural noun. small masculine things.

kakululuwu   From: English. noun. rooster. Category: Introduced animals, Birds.

kakunukuluwi   See main entry: kakunukurluwi. plural noun. old people, elders, adults, grown ups, grown.

kakunukurluwi   Variant: kakunukuluwi; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kunukurluwi; kunukuluwi. plural noun. old people, elders, adults, grown ups, grown.Masculine: yinkurti. Feminine: yinkurlinga. Syn: kirrakunukurluwi. See: paparliwi; papirrumaruwi; papurraluwi; wulikimawi; wulimawi; arikakulapi; yinkurti; yinkurlinga. Modern Tiwi: Karri yirrajirrima wulini api awungarri kunukuluwi wu-ri-ma. After three months they have become big. (referring to baby turtles in eggs). Category: People, Human stages.

kalajarri   Variant: kalanjarri. From: Iwaidja. noun. ear. Syn: pirrakirninga, mikanjanga. See: minyawunga. Note: Photo from gallery of Picture It! software Wuta awuta tiwi karluwu pi-rri-ja-timarti ngini ngarra awarra nimarra yimi Stephen api wuta kunji pi-ri-kirimi nginiwutawa kalajarri wutiriyi yikara. Those people did not want to hear what Stephen said so they shut their ears with their hands. Category: Body parts and products. Category: Body parts and products. Category: Body parts and products.

kalajarri -ma or -mi   be deaf, forget. Morph: kalajarri 'ear' + verb with root:‑ma or‑mi. Syn: -angirlimparra, -orimi. See: -mingirramulijipa; kalajarrini. Ngiya kalajarri ngi-ri-ma, karluwu ngi-ri-pirtangaya. I am deaf and can't hear. Kalajarri ngi-ri - ma nginingilawa jurra. I forgot my book. Category: Senses, Body functions or actions, Describing people or animals, Physical qualities, Sickness or injury and healing, Talking or thinking.

pijuwalini kalajarri   hears well. Lit: good ears. See: yipungintupuranji; jipungintupuranji; yiminipapurajuwi. Ngarra pijuwalini kalajarri. He hears well. Category: Body functions or actions.

kalajarringa   feminine noun. deaf female. really deaf.Masculine: kalajarrini. Syn: jipwarimi. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals, Body functions or actions.

kalajarrini   masculine noun. deaf male.Feminine: kalajarringa. Plural: kalajarruwi. See: -orimi. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals, Body functions or actions.

kalakala   feminine noun. hen. Syn: kirilumunga. See: kakululuwu. Category: Birds, Food and cooking, Introduced food.

kalampara   Variant: kalapara. From: Iwaidja. noun. sweat. See: kilimini; -kirnini. Note: Picture by Alice Lee Category: Body functions or actions.

kalanjarri   See main entry: kalajarri.

kalanjiminga   feminine noun. baby girl at crawling stage.Masculine: kalanjimini. Plural: kalanjimuwi. See: ajajawu; arringata; arringatini; arringatinga; tuwulingata; jarrikarlaninga₂; wangatunga₂; minkilatinga. Note: Photo used with permission Category: People, Human stages.

kalanjimini   masculine noun. baby boy at crawling stage.Feminine: kalanjiminga. Plural: kalanjimuwi. See: ajajawu; arringata; arringatini; arringatinga; tuwulingata; numwariyaka; minkilati. Kalanjimini apalawuni. The young boy crawls around. Category: People, Human stages.

kalanjimuwi   plural noun. babies, young children. at crawling stage.Masculine: kalanjimini. Feminine: kalanjiminga. See: ajajawu; arringata; arringatuwi; tuwulingata; minkilatuwi. Category: People, Human stages.

-kalanyuwuni   feminine verb root 1. think carefully about, ponder, consider. Syn: -mungikalanyuwuni, -parnukuni. See: -mungimi; -akitirrari; -pungintayi; minyawunga; punyipunyi; jinkapati. Nyi-ta-kalanyuwuni nginaki. Think carefully about this. [Old Tiwi Mark 9:12,13] Note: Photo from gallery of Picture It! software See: -mungimi; -akitirrari; -pungintayi; minyawunga; punyipunyi; jinkapati. Category: Talking or thinking.

kalapara   See main entry: kalampara. noun. sweat.

kalapini   See main entry: yinkalipini. kinship noun. half-brother.

kali   1 • interjection. come here! Gram: May have tuwaripa Category: Interjections.

2 • free form verb. run. Syn: kalikali, wiliwili fe Þ or pamulampunya -mi; -ungilipu-. Ninkiyi, awuta kapi awungarra, kali pi-ri-ma-rru-wa-mi ngini awinyirra wunijaka. Then those who were here ran around with the news about the cyclone. Category: Moving.

kalikali   free form verb. run. Syn: kali, wiliwili fe Þ or pamulampunya -mi, -ungilipu-. Ngawa kalikali nginti-ri-mi pili yi-muwunu-matakuwuna awarra jarrangini. We ran because the buffalo chased us. Note: Photo by Chrisroll - http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/images/view photog.php?photogid=2140 Category: Moving.

kalikalinga   feminine noun. quick female or Feminine thing.Masculine: kalikalini. Syn: piyapiyawunga, tirimurruka. See: mirati; murruka; mirarra; yirrima. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

kalikalini   masculine noun. fast, quick male or masculine thing.Feminine: kalikalinga. Syn: tirimurrukuni, piyapiyawini. See: mirati; murruka; mirarra; yirrima. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

kalikuwu   From: English. noun. material. Syn: manimpurruwa, lawurruwuka, patukuti. Note: Photo by Jennifer Lee Category: Introduced items, Clothing and material.

kalipa   See main entry: yinkalipa. kinship noun. half-sister.

kalipini   See main entry: yinkalipini. kinship noun. half-brother.

kalipurti   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kaluputi. masculine noun. Black Whip snake. See: puwatingini; puliyarlinga; taringa; taringini. Ques: Some say kalipurti is the same as puwatingini but others say not. Category: Snakes.

kaluputi   See main entry: kalipurti. masculine noun. black whip snake.

kalurri   masculine noun. From: Iwaidja. cigarette. Syn: jingjingi, pwangipwangi, jikirriti. See: mirrawu; paki; nikaniki. Note: Photo by dan - http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/images/view photog.php?photogid=587 Category: Introduced items.

kam   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. free form verb. Gram: May have Auxiliary verb with root: -mi come. Category: Moving.

kama   1 • interrogative word. why?, what for? See: pilikama. Kama awungani jiyimi? Why did you do that? Category: Interrogatives.

2 • feminine noun. prison, gaol. Syn: jayili. See: -majungwala-. A-yi-majingwala-ja kapi nyitawa kama. He is going to gaol. Category: Buildings, Introduced items.

kamaga   interrogative word. why? (to a woman). Morph: kama ’why?' +‑aga ’addressed to female'.Masculine: kamaya. Plural: kamawi. Category: Interrogatives.

kamawi   interrogative word. why? (to more than one). Morph: kama ’why?' +‑awi ’addressed to more than one'.Feminine: kamaga. Masculine: kamaya. Category: Interrogatives.

kamaya   interrogative word. why?, what about it? what about you? Morph: kama ’why?' +‑aya ’addressed to male'.Feminine: kamaga. Plural: kamawi. See: marraya. Wuta waya ngiya-mamanta purruwuja kuriyuwu, api pirrimintiyarra ngini, "Kamaya?" pirimi. My friends were going on top, well they said to me, "What about you?" Category: Interrogatives.

kaminawurti   Usage: Modern Tiwi. Variant: kaminawuti. interrogative pronoun. what for?, what else (do you want)?, what next?, what is it all about? Morph: kamini +‑awurti ’all sorts'. See: kamini; arramukaminawurti; kuta kaminawurti. Kaminawurti ngini jipangiraga? What on earth are you talking about? Category: Interrogatives.

kaminawuti   See main entry: kaminawurti. interrogative pronoun. what for.

kamini   interrogative pronoun. what or which male or masculine thing?, what for?Feminine: kamunga. See: awungana; kuta kamini. Kamini ju-wunga? What did you get? Category: Interrogatives.

-kamira   feminine verb root 1. Gram: Old Tiwi: + indirect object prefix get away from, elude, or evade someone, reject someone (of opposite sex). as of game in hunting or word one is trying to remember. ji-ni-ripu-kamira It (game/food) eluded them. Category: Change of position or state, Hunting or fishing, Social behaviour.

kampak   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. free form verb. Gram: May have Auxiliary verb with root: -mi come back. Category: Moving.

kampini   From: English. noun. company. pijingi kampini fishing company. Category: Introduced items.

kampulingi   From: English. free form verb/noun. gambling. Category: Cards, Social behaviour.

kamuli   From: English. noun. camel. Note: Photo used with permission Category: Animals, Introduced animals.

kamuna   feminine noun. shin bone of wallaby, needle. not used as general term for needle. used as needle for making basket. Syn: kariyuwa. Read: 'Towards an Understanding of the Tiwi Language/Culture Context' by Teresa A. Ward p53. Category: Tools or utensils.

kamunga   interrogative pronoun. what or which feminine thing?Masculine: kamini. Category: Interrogatives.

kan   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. adverb. can't. Category: Particles or conjunctions or clitics.

kangarra   locative pronoun. him. Morph: ka ( or kangi ) ’RELATOR' + ngarra ’him'. See: kangatawa. Category: Direction or location.

kangatawa   locative pronoun. him. Morph: ka ( or kangi ) ’to/at' + ngatawa ’him (EMPHATIC)'. See: kangarra. Ngarra yuwuriyi kangatawa japuja. He went to his home. Category: Direction or location, Pronouns.

kangawila   locative pronoun. us, or at our place. Morph: ka ( or kangi ) ’to, at, in' + ngawila ’us (EMPHATIC)'. See: kangiya; kanginjila; kangatawa. Ngi-ni-p-ati-rr-akirtirruwa-mini kangawila nginti-ri-mil-ani jukurlipuwayuwi. We would carry the firewood back to where we school boys lived. Category: Direction or location.

kangi   Variant: ka; fe Þ Archaic: kagi. Variant: ka; fe Þ Archaic: kagi. preposition. to, at, in, on, from, against, of, with. Socio: The form kagi is only from Osborne, 1974 and does not appear to be used today, even by older people. Traditionally the form ka only occurs before a word beginning with ng; Younger speakers use it more frequently elsewhere. See: kapi. Ques: In Old Tiwi there appears to have been a clear distinction between the use of kapi or ngampi versus kangi (or kagi) but this has mostly disappeared. kangi is often used when the person or object is relatively close to the speaker and kapi when the person or object is not so close. However, this no longer seems a hard and fast rule, particularly among younger speakers and kapi is used a lot more frequently by them than is kangi. Pi-ni-ri-kurungum-ani naki kurlama, kiyi piti-wuji-y-alangim-ani kangi wangatunga. They would dig up that kurlama yam and put it into a basket. Kiyi, kirimpika ji-ma-rri-pi-y-apipirraya kangi kuluwaga. Then she took the crab down to the creek. Category: Particles or conjunctions or clitics.

2 • locative relator. where. Syn: kapi, ngampi. Waya juwa tuwulimiya nguwurraama kangi nginja tangarima awujingima. I should just go straight to your home [Lit: where your home is]. Ngiya nginuwuriyi awungarra kangi muwa-mani waki arimi. I have come here to where our friend works. Category: Direction or location.

kangikangi   free form verb. knock on something, knock together. can be used for clapping sticks. See: -kipunga; tangitangi or tumitumi; -amartungura; -amartunguni. Kangikangi jiyi-mi purinjirringa. She knocked on the tree. Category: Violence or impact, Ceremonies.

kanginjila   locative pronoun. to or for you (singular). Morph: ka ( or kangi ) ’to, in, at' + nginjila ’you (singular EMPHATIC)'. Kiyi nginaki jiyimi awinyirra Elizabeth, "Ngawa-rringani wiyi warntirrana apamangi nginja pili nginja kuwa jiyimi awarra ngirramini ngini ngawa-rringani ngini-ngatawa yingumpunila yipangiraga kanginjila," jiyimi kangi awinyirra Mary. Then Elizabeth said this to Mary, "Our Father will look after you properly because you believed the words that the angel said to you." Category: Direction or location, Pronouns.

kanijawa   From: Iwaidja. masculine noun. flour. Syn: kwakini. See: pamantarri; pamantarrini; kirritawini. Category: Food and cooking, Introduced food.

kanipimajini   Usage: Modern Tiwi. From: English. noun. confirmation. Category: Christian religion.

kanipimi   From: English. free form verb. confirm. Category: Holding or transfer, Christian religion.

kanja   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. noun. marijuana. Syn: wupunga. Category: Introduced items, Introduced Plants, Sickness or injury and healing.

kanjili   From: English. noun. council. Wuta awuta mamirnikuwi kapi arikulapi wu-p-amurrumi kapi kanjili. Those adult women work at the council. Category: Introduced items, Working, Buildings.

kanjilimani   From: English. masculine noun. council worker or man. Category: People, Human status, Working.

kanjuli   From: English. noun. candle, light. Ninkiyi, yimi ngawa-yuwuni ngini, "Yoni nginaki ngu-wu-j-angiraga-mami ngini nyirratuwu kurrampali ngangi jupunyini ampiliyiti, api karri japinawamini ngarra kanjuli jurrumumi ampi-ngi-kili-y-angulanikuga kangi awinyirra kurrampali, api ngawatuwu kapi yawuni nga-ri-muwu, api awarra kanjuli nga-pi-kiningi-y-akurluwunyi," yimi ngawa-yuwuni. Then our older brother said, "This other I am about to tell you is about a house standing on a hill and at night a light shines out of that house, well we down in the valley see that light ," said our older brother. Category: Introduced items, Light.

kankiralipi   See main entry: kakaralipi. kinship noun. half-siblings, half-brothers or half-sisters.

kantakiji   Variant: katakiji. From: Iwaidja. masculine noun. large male wallaby or bandicoot. Syn: jajurrukwa. See: anjorra; arlitiwiyi; awumpini; awumpunga; jipwajirringa; jirraka; jiwirringa; kantakiji; kipwapi; marinyi pipajumwalintiya; pwajumwalintiya; tukwatukuni; tukwatukwa; yirripurliwiyi; -marrikujingi- -ngiliwanji-; -piyonti-; -wuliyonji-. Category: Animals, Mammals, Wallabies.

kantumwaka   See main entry: karntumwaka. feminine noun. 1 • ugly woman.

2 • fresh water turtle.

kantumwani   See main entry: karntumwani. masculine noun. ugly man.

kantumwawi   See main entry: karntumwawi. plural noun. ugly people.

kanuli   Variant: konuli; kanurli. feminine noun. Cocky Apple (tree). Planchonia careya. small tree with pear-shaped green fruit. When the fruit is soft people eat the yellow flesh inside. It fruits between November and February. People chip off the outer bark and then take off the red inner bark and boil it in water. They then use the liquid to wash skin sores. Note: Picture by artist at Murripurtiyanuwu Catholic School and photo from ‘Tiwi Plants and Animals’ p73 Category: Plants, Trees, Food and cooking, Traditional food.

kanurli   See main entry: konuli. feminine noun. Cocky Apple (tree).

kapaka   1 • free form verb. carry on shoulders. Syn: pwapuna -mi, -akirtirruwa, -orlipirri. See: -marripi; -amawini. Ngarra nyirra-rringani kapaka yi - mi awinyirra kirijinga. Her father carried that little girl on his shoulders. Note: Picture from 'Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary' and Photo from ‘Expedition to the Land of the Tiwi’ by Charles Mountford; National Geographic March 1956 Category: Holding or transfer.

2 • noun. 'carrying' dance. performed at death ceremonies by fathers, aunties and certain 'cousins' (fv:-aminayi, amawu) of the deceased. Read: 'Towards an Understanding of the Tiwi Language/Culture Context' by Teresa A. Ward p31. Category: Traditional religion, Ceremonies.

kapala   From: Iwaidja. feminine noun. boat, dinghy. See: jipankuna; jipulinga; kapalapipi; kirawarri; kupunyi; mampini; mampunga; maratinga; marruwaka mutuputi; parra; pukirrakiningiyi; tarntuwu; tipuwarninki; tongulaka; wiyawunga. Note: Photos (1) old photo from Tiwi Land Council archives (2) by Jennifer Lee (3) Joy Naden or Ute Kardinahl Category: Transport.

kapalapi   See main entry: kapalapipi. feminine noun. really big boat, ship, steamer, cargo ship.

kapalapipi   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kapalapi. From: Iwaidja. feminine noun. really big boat, ship, steamer, cargo ship. Syn: maratinga, tarntuwu, tipuwarninki. See: jipankuna; jipulinga; kapala; kirawarri; kupunyi; mampini; mampunga; marruwaka; mutuputi; parra pukirrakiningiyi; tongulaka; wiyawunga. Note: Photo by Evgeni Dinev - http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/images/view photog.php?photogid=1256 Category: Transport.

kapani   Variant: ngapani; ngampani. preposition. towards, along by. Morph: kapi 'to' +‑ani towards'. Ngiya nginiyimamani kapani nganginayi kurrampali. I came along by those houses. Category: Direction or location.

kaparli   free form verb. miss hitting, fail to hit, make a mistake. Syn: -kirruwa₂, mijim -mi. See: -wumpini; -apuwumpina; -iparti. Karri ngarra turli yu-wa-ri-mi awarra jupwajirringa api kaparli yi-kirimi. When he shot at the wallaby he missed. Kaparli yi-p-ungilipu-kirimi he ran along shooting but missed. Category: Violence or impact.

kapi   1 • relator. to, at, in, on, from, for. Syn: ngampi, kangi. Kalikali jiyimi kapi nyirra-mwarti. She ran to her son. Karri waya yinkitayi kapi jirraka api pi-ti-wuningi-y-ajapurn-ani kulinjila. When they were close to the wallaby they would turn the spear (to face it) . Api kuwayila pirri-m-am-ani ngampi awarra wuta-mantani, api yingwampa pirri-wurtipu-nyayi ngini ngarra kintanga, kiyi pirri-wurtip-apunya. The kept calling out to their friends. Then they found his footprints and followed them. Kutupi yimi kapi yoni pikini nankitawu kiyi yuwuriyi kapi pitinirikuwuna jarranga. He got up on another horse over there and then went to where they were herding the cattle. [MCS Book 138 p6] Category: Prepositions.

2 • locative relator. where. Syn: ngampi, kangi. Nginja waya nyimpi-ri-mungurumi ngampi pi-ti-ma-ta-pukulumagi ngiya-mwaringa? Do you know where they will look after my daughter? Category: Prepositions.

kapi₂   relative pronoun. who (Plural). Syn: ngampi.Masculine: ngini. Feminine: ngangi or angi. Ninkiyi, awuta kapi awungarra, kali pirimarruwami ngini awinyirra wunijaka. Then those who were here ran around with the news about the cyclone. nginja-ngirimipi kapi nuwa japuja ngimp-arimwi-y-ajuwurlima. your family members who live in your house. Ngawatuwu ninganuwanga ata wu-ri-miringarra yingwampa kunukurluwi ngini muwuni-mingirrajipiliga api ngawatuwu awarrawanga ngumpu-wunu-mingirrajipiliga ngampunginaki kakijuwi ngampi ningani wuji-kulurumi. We still have some old people living who teach us and in the same way we teach the children who are growing up today. Category: Pronouns.

kapi₃   Usage: Modern Tiwi. the way of, all about. Ngarra yuwunuwaluwamini ngini kapi ngarra-rringani. He taught them the way of His father. Awanuwanga ngini waya pupuni ngirramini kapi yartupwarri Likewise (they teach them) the good talk, all about soberness/sobriety. Category: Prepositions.

kapilituwu   noun. Drypetes, type of tree. Drypetes deplanchei. People eat the fruit when it turns red. Note: Photo from 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p45 Category: Plants, Trees.

kapimaka   interrogative word. which place?, whereabouts? Kapimaka ngawuja? Whereabouts are we going? Category: Interrogatives.

kapimani   From: English. masculine noun. government (man).Plural: kapimanuwi. Category: People.

kapimanuwi   From: English. plural noun. government men. See: kapimani. Category: People, Human status.

kapimuwila   Variant: ngampimuwila. possessive pronoun. our (your and I) people or animals, ours.Masculine: nginimuwila. Feminine: angimuwila. See: kapingilawa; kapinginjila; kapingatawa; kapinyitawa; kapingawila; kapinuwila; kapiwutawa. Category: Pronouns.

kapinaki   See main entry: kapinginaki. demonstrative pronoun. these.

kapinanki   See main entry: kapinaki. demonstrative pronoun. these.

kapinayi   See main entry: kapinginayi. demonstrative pronoun. those (distant).

kapingapila   plural noun. people of that place. Manya awarra. Ngawa kapingapila ngimpiyikijawu. You go ahead, We (from that place) are going on. Category: Human status.

kapingatawa   Variant: ngampingatawa. possessive pronoun. his people or animals. Morph: kapi ’who (plural)' + ngatawa ’his (EMPHATIC)'.Masculine: nginingatawa. Feminine: angatawa. See: kapingilawa; kapinginjila; kapinyitawa; kapimuwila; kapingawila; kapinuwila; kapiwutawa. Category: Pronouns.

kapingawila   Variant: kapingawula; ngampingawila. possessive pronoun. our(s) (male people or animals).Masculine: nginingawila. Feminine: angawila. See: kapingilawa; kapinginjila; kapingatawa; kapinyitawa; kapimuwila; kapinuwila; kapiwutawa. Category: Pronouns.

kapingawula   See main entry: kapingawila. possessive pronoun. our(s) (male people or animals).

kapingilawa   Variant: ngampingilawa. possessive pronoun. my (people or animals).Masculine: nginingilawa. Feminine: angilawa. See: kapinginjila; kapingatawa; kapinyitawa; kapimuwila; kapingawila; kapinuwila; kapiwutawa. Category: Pronouns.

kapinginaki   Variant: kapinginanki; kapunginaki; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kapinaki. demonstrative pronoun. these. Morph: kapi ’who (plural)' + naki ’this'.Masculine - Old Tiwi: nginanki, nginaki. Masculine - Modern Tiwi: naki, nanki. Feminine Old Tiwi: nganginanki, nganginaki, anginanki. Feminine - Modern Tiwi: anaki. Syn: ngampinginaki. See: kapinginiyi; kapinginayi. Category: Pronouns.

kapinginanki   See main entry: kapinginaki. demonstrative pronoun. these.

kapinginayi   Variant: kapunginayi; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kapinayi. demonstrative pronoun. those (distant). Morph: kapi ’who (plural)' + nayi ’that'.Masculine - Old Tiwi: nginayi. Masculine - Modern Tiwi: nayi. Feminine Old Tiwi: nganginayi, anginayi. Feminine - Modern Tiwi: anayi. Syn: ngampinginayi. See: kapinaki; kapiniyi. Category: Pronouns.

kapinginiyi   Variant: kapunginiyi; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kapiniyi. demonstrative pronoun. those ones (mid-distant or near addressee). Morph: kapi ’who (plural)' + nayi ’that (near you)'.Masculine: nginiyi, niyi. Feminine Old Tiwi: nganginiyi, anginiyi. Feminine - Modern Tiwi: aniyi. See: kapinaki; kapinayi. Wun-ta-waluwa muwa-mamanta naki nginimuwula yungukwi awuta kapinginiyi muwa-mantawi. Teach our friends our language, those friends (who are with you). Category: Pronouns.

kapinginjila   Variant: kapinjila. possessive pronoun. your (singular, people or animals).Masculine: ngininginjila. Feminine: anginjila. Syn: ngampinginjila. See: kapingilawa; kapingatawa; kapinyitawa; kapimuwila; kapingawila; kapinuwila; kapiwutawa. Category: Pronouns.

kapingi,   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. noun. carving. Category: Art, Traditional religion.

kapiniyi   See main entry: kapinginiyi. demonstrative pronoun. those ones (mid-distant or near addressee).

kapinjila   See main entry: kapinginjila. possessive pronoun. your (sing, people or animals).

kapinuwila   Variant: ngampinuwila. possessive pronoun. your(s) (people or animals).Masculine: ngininuwila. Feminine: anginuwila. See: kapingilawa; kapinginjila; kapingatawa; kapinyitawa; kapimuwila; kapingawila; kapiwutawa. Category: Pronouns.

kapinyitawa   Variant: ngampinyitawa. possessive pronoun. her, hers (plural people or animals).Masculine: ngininyitawa. Feminine: anginyitawa. See: kapingilawa; kapinginjila; kapingatawa; kapimuwila; kapingawila; kapinuwila; kapiwutawa. Nyirra puranji jiyimuwu kapinyitawa pulangumwawi. She loved her dogs. Category: Pronouns.

kapiwutawa   Variant: ngampiwutawa. possessive pronoun. their(s) (people or animals). See main entry: nginiwutawa.Feminine: angiwutawa. See: kapingilawa; kapinginjila; kapingatawa; kapinyitawa; kapimuwila; kapingawila; kapinuwila.

kapunginaki   See main entry: kapinginaki. demonstrative pronoun. these.

kapunginayi   See main entry: kapinginayi. demonstrative pronoun. those (distant).

kapunginiyi   See main entry: kapinginiyi. demonstrative pronoun. those ones (mid-distant or near addressee).

-kara   intransitive verb root 1. shine (of sun), be light, become lighter. See: -amirna; -angulani; -angulonikuga; karawu; mirlimirli. ngirringirri. Waya ampi-ji-ngi-kara-mami The sun is starting to shine (after rain has stopped). Ninkiyi ngarra ngawa-rringani yi-mi ngini "Pupuni ngini ngu-ma-ta-kirimi yiminga-wi japarra," yi-mi ngini "ji-ni-ma-ta-ngi-kara api ngini yi-ma-ta-ngi-ma yirrimanunguni amintiya japinawamini," yimi. Then he said, "It would be good for me to make the sun and moon," he said, "that they should shine so they would become day and night," he said. Ninkiyi, karri ampi-ri-ki-y-akumpunarli, api ngarratuwu kiyi, pakinya ampi-ngi-k-irranyuwu-kara partuwa ninkiyi, karri nyirra waya ampi-ri-k-ingarti, ngarratuwu awungarri yartijanga a-wuji-ngi-ki-ngi-m-am-ani. Then when it sets in the evening well first it lights up the land and then after than when it goes down it starts to get dark. Category: Light, Physical qualities, Light, Environment. Category: Light, Physical qualities, Light, Environment.

-kara [pronoun] pungintaga   be enlightened. Morph: ‑kara ’shine' + [pronoun] + pungitaga ’head'. Lit: one's head shines. Karri jukuta yima ka ngiya purrakurniga awungarri jiyi-kara ngiya pungintaga. When something was whispered in my ears I was enlightened. Lit: when he whispered in my ear at that time my head shone.. Category: Talking or thinking.

karaka   feminine noun. turtle egg or eggs. Syn: pajipajuwu, kirluwuka, kulajuwu.Plural - Modern Tiwi: karakuwi. See: karakini; karaparri; jimpilima; kurukura; -atirri-; -inginingi-. Note: Photo from ‘Tiwi Plants and Animals’ p123 Category: Food and cooking, Traditional food, Introduced food.

karakini   masculine noun. egg laid by small green turtle (kitirika). Syn: karaparri. See: pajipajuwu; karaka; kirluwuka; kulajuwu; -atirri-; -inginingi-. Category: Food and cooking, Traditional food, Animal parts.

karakuwi   Usage: Modern Tiwi. plural noun. (turtle) eggs.Singular: karaka. Category: Food and cooking, Traditional food, Introduced food.

karaliki   From: Iwaidja. noun. 1 • tongue. Syn: (yi)mitarla. See: -apati-. Category: Body parts and products.

2 • language, speech. Usage: Modern Tiwi. Syn: langwiji, yungunki. See: langa. Category: Language.

karalipi   See main entry: kakaralipi. kinship noun. half-siblings, half-brothers or half-sisters.

karampalinga   noun. the long part (hypocotyl) which sticks out from fruit of some mangrove trees such as timinipulika murrunga, nurninga, pikilijipa. See: murrunga; timinipulika. Read: 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p31, 75, 76. Note: Photo from 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p 31 Category: Plants, Plant parts.

karampura   masculine noun. dry twigs, chips of wood. Syn: yintirriga. See: wantangini; yikwani; wantanga. Category: Plants, Plant parts, Food and cooking.

karangara   predicative. thick (as of book). See: karangarini. Karangara yima pamantarri. The damper became high (thick). Category: Physical qualities.

karangaringa   feminine adjective. thick (as of book, leg, damper).Masculine: karangarini. See: karangara. Category: Physical qualities.

karangarini   masculine adjective. thick (as of book, leg, damper).Feminine: karangaringa. See: karangara. Nginingilawa pukaringini karangarini. My book is thick. Category: Physical qualities.

karaparri   masculine noun. egg laid by small (green) turtle (kitirika), small egg. Syn: karakini. See: pajipajuwu; karaka; kirluwuka; kulajuwu; -atirri-. Api ngarratuwu awarra karaparri, awarra pajipajuwu ngini kirijini pajipajuwu api awarra karaparri awarra pirimamula parlingarri ngawa-ampi. Then there's karaparri, those turtle eggs which are little eggs, well long ago our ancestors called them karaparri. Category: Food and cooking, Traditional food, Animal parts.

kararrunga   feminine noun. Mangrove Heron, Striated Heron. Butorides striatus. See: yakingiya; purtapurta; pawunga; jongijongini; wulipankini; araka. Note: Picture from 'Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary' and Photo by Ian Morris in ‘Tiwi Plants and Animals’ p106 Category: Birds, Water birds.

karawu   free form verb. for the sun to shine. See: ngirringirri; mirlimirli; -angulani; -amirna; -kara. Awinyirra warnarringa karawu jiyimi. The sun shone. Category: Being, Light, Weather.

karijini   See main entry: karrijini. noun. kerosene.

kariwa   See main entry: kariyuwa. noun. small bone in wallaby's leg, needle.

kariwani   predicative. hungry. Syn: pariwani. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

kariwunga   See main entry: karuwunga. feminine noun. short (feminine).

kariwuni   See main entry: karuwuni. masculine noun. short.

kariyuwa   Variant: kariwa; karuwa. noun. small bone in wallaby's leg, needle. used as needle for making basket (not used as general term for needle). Syn: kamuna. Category: Tools or utensils, Animal parts.

karla   From: Iwaidja. masculine noun. evil spirit, short devil. Some people say this is like payamarnuwa. He lives in the jungle. His arm and hand grow when he stretches them out to grab someone. I have found that different people believe different things about these spirits.Feminine: karlinga. Plural: karluwi. See: mapurtiti, warlamankini, wakurtapa, yimanka, yirrungwarra, nyingani, payamarnuwa, mankini, puliwuni putiputini, marakati, yamparriparri, yamurrutuwu; -marrala-, -warla-. Category: Beliefs.

-karlayampi   intransitive verb root 1. lean or tend towards, favour (an idea, practice). ngimp-a-ri-karlayampi kapani wuta murrintawi you try to lean towards the white man's (way). Category: Talking or thinking.

karlinga   From: Iwaidja. feminine noun. female evil spirit.Masculine: karla. Plural: karluwi. See: mapurtiti; marrala; wakartapa; yirrungwarra (or wurrungwarra); yimanka; yiminga; puliwuni; putiputini mankini; warlamankimi; marakati; yamparriparri; yamurrutuwu. Category: Beliefs.

karlunara   See main entry: karluwunara. adverb. not much, few, not enough.

karlupika   See main entry: karlupuka. feminine noun. billycan, tin.

karlupuka   Variant: karlupika. feminine noun. billycan, tin. Syn: wilijinga, panikini, kilupi. See: -ilinganta-. Category: Introduced items, Tools or utensils.

karluwi   plural noun. From: Iwaidja. evil spirits.Masculine: karla. Feminine: karlinga. Category: Beliefs.

karluwu   From: Iwaidja. negative word. not, no, could not, didn't. Syn: arnukwa, kawa, ngajiti, kiyuwu. Ngarra kalikali yu-wa-ri-m-ani ngini papi a-mari-pa-ami, api karluwu, pili jurrumumi yi-ni-ri-m-ani awarra yikwani. He ran to try and get out but he couldn't because the fire was burning. Category: Particles or conjunctions or clitics.

karluwu maka   nowhere, not anywhere. Syn: karrimaka.. Karluwu maka ngirrimi. I didn't go anywhere (in answer to 'Where did you go?'). Category: Particles or conjunctions or clitics.

karluwunara   Variant: karlunara. adverb. not much, few, not enough. Morph: karluwu ’not' +‑nara ’little bit'. Syn: arnukwanara. See: kiyijanara; -nara; yatati; kiyija. Awarra nginaki ngarra waya juwa kiyija mirripaka yimangapa api kiyi karluwunara malurani ami. This one only drank a little bit of beer so he's not very drunk. Wuta awuta yingampa karlunara punyipunyi wurimuwu awirankuwi yingampa. Waya ngini wutilamiya yingampa wurimuwu awungarra, karluwu jinkapati wurimi yingampa tiwi. Some young people aren't very clever. They only live for themselves here, they don't think about other people. Category: Particles or conjunctions or clitics, Number and quantity.

karntirrikani   See main entry: kartirrikani. masculine noun. Cypress Pine. Category: Trees.

karntukuni   See main entry: kartukuni. feminine noun. Ironwood (tree).

karntumwaka   Variant: kantumwaka; karntumwoka. feminine noun. 1 • fresh water turtle. Syn: mirningatinga. See: arlata; jarrikarlani; jarrikarlaninga; kitipuruwajuwu; kitirika; kitirini; kujupurruwatuwu; kutungaruwu kwakijingirri; manimpiri; majirti; marrakani; yimpirnukwa; yirruwamini. Category: Reptiles.

2 • ugly woman.Masculine: karntumwani. Plural: karntumwawi. Syn: jikirijiringa, kirlampingawunga. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals, Reptiles, Sea or mangrove or river life, Turtles.

karntumwani   Variant: kantumwani. masculine noun. ugly man.Feminine: karntumwaka. Plural: karntumwawi. Syn: yirrinkirijirti. See: kirlampungawini; jampayini. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

karntumwawi   Variant: kantumwawi. plural noun. ugly people.Masculine: karntumwani. Feminine: karntumwaka. Syn: yirrinkirijajiruwi. See: kirlampingawiwi. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

karntumwoka   See main entry: karntumwaka. feminine noun. 1 • ugly woman.

2 • fresh water turtle.

karrampajirri   locative word. a long way or far away from each other, long way apart. Morph: karrampi ’far' +‑ajirri ’each other’. Karrampajirri nyirranuwu! Sit a long way apart! Category: Direction or location.

karrampali   See main entry: kurrampali. feminine noun. house.

karrampalinga   See main entry: jarripilima. feminine noun. mangrove fruit.

karrampi   Variant: karrompi; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: korrompi. locative word. far (away), distant, further, long way. Syn: mankari. Ngawa ngampiripirtangaya ngarra yirringa karrampi. We can hear his voice from a long way away. Category: Direction or location. Category: Direction or location.

ninganuwanga karrampi   long time in future. Category: Time.

karrampinara   locative word. at a fair distance, some way away, not too close, further away (from me). Morph: karrampi ’far' +‑nara ’little bit'. See: yinkitayi. Karrampinara tamuwu pili ngiya yikwanari. Sit a bit further away because I am hot. Ngarra yu-nu-wuja waya karrampinara yarti yintuwani yu-nu-wuja. He was going along a fair distance from camp in a low enclosed place. Category: Direction or location.

karrampiyama   locative word. very far (away), furthest. Morph: karrampi ’far' +‑ama ’INTENSIFIER (feminine)'. Awuta wawurruwi puruwayorrajirri, ngini kuwani awunyawu angatawa numwariyaka karrampiyama. Those men asked one another about who could throw their spears the furthest. Category: Direction or location.

karrampiyanga   locative word. really long way. Morph: karrampi ’far' +‑iyanga ’much'. Category: Direction or location.

karrantaya   See main entry: karrarntaya. noun. curly hair.

karrantirra   See main entry: karrarntirra. predicative. curly hair.

karrapini   masculine noun. type of edible root, bush potato. Ques: This is possibly Ipomoea abrupta. It seems to be similar to rokuni and may be the same. grows in jungle; has long root which is boiled and eaten. Syn: rokuni. See: mayilinga; roka. Category: Plants, Plant parts, Food and cooking, Traditional food.

karrarluputi   masculine noun. earthquake. Category: Weather.

karrarntaya   Variant: karrartaya; karrantaya. predicative. curly hair. Syn: mirripara, karrarntirra. See: kayimwaga; murrula; murrarini; -mirri-. Karrarntaya ngininyitawa murrula. Her hair is curly. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals, Body parts and products.

karrarntayawama   Variant: karrartayawama. feminine noun. female with very curly hair. Morph: karrarntaya ’curly hair' +‑awama ’INTENSIFIER (feminine)'.Masculine: karrarntayawamini. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

karrarntayawamini   Variant: karrartayawamini. masculine noun. male with very curly hair. Morph: karrarntaya ’curly hair' +‑awamini ’INTENSIFIER (masculine)'.Feminine: karrarntayawama. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

karrarntirra   Variant: karrantirra. predicative. curly hair. Syn: karrarntaya, mirripara. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals, Body parts and products.

karrartaya   See main entry: karrarntaya. noun. curly hair.

karrartayawama   See main entry: karrarntayawama. feminine noun. female with very curly hair.

karrartayawamini   See main entry: karrarntayawamini. masculine noun. male with very curly hair.

karrartikarra   free form verb. stride, take long steps. Syn: -artikarra. Karrartikarra kutupi taami. Jump over (fence). Ngarra karrartikarra yipangulimayi. He strode along. Category: Moving.

karrawana   See main entry: karrawungana. 1 • predicative. can't do something, not able, powerless.

2 • interjection. it can't be helped, nothing can be done.

karrawungana   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi; fe Þ New_Tiwi: karrawana. 1 • predicative. can't do something, not able, powerless. because of being too weak, tired. See: karrikamini yinkirra. Karrawungana ngi-ma-ta-ama pili ngiya janawurti. I can't do anything because I am tired. Yikwani kulamari yimi api ngarra kalikali yu-wa-ri-mi api karluwu. Ninkiyi, yi-p-akurunguti, api yimi kangatamiya, 'Karrawungana ngi-ma-ta-ama,' yimi. The fire was all around him so he tried to run away but couldn't. Then he stood still and said to himself, 'I can't do anything.'. Category: Particles or conjunctions or clitics.

2 • interjection. it can't be helped, nothing can be done. Waya. Waya karrawungana awarra. It's alright. It couldn't be helped.

karrawutunga   feminine noun. Comb-crested Jacana. Irediparra gallinacea. Note: Photo by Ian Morris in ‘Tiwi Plants and Animals’ p103 Category: Birds.

karri   temporal relator. 1 • when, until, while, during. See: maniyati; . Karri ngarra kurlalaga yimi warta api yi-ni-ri-pwarla yingarti wununguwi. When he hunted in the bush he caught many possums. Awuta yuwurrara arnapa pu-ru-muwu karri waya japinamini yima. They waited until it became dark. Awuta kakirijuwi pi-ri-kiriparri karri yati kirijini yoyi yimi jura. The children clapped while one little boy danced in the centre. Wuta arnuka yinkiti pi-rri-ja-pa karri awinyirra wumunga, waya juwa kukuni pi-ri-mangapa. They didn't eat anything during the day. They only drank some water. Category: Time. Category: Time.

karri maka   when or where?

2 • at, on or in ('when (it is)..'). Gram: + time word or time phrase Karri anjiruwa ngawa ngamp-ipaya nginingawila waki api kiyi nga-wuriyi japuja. At lunchtime ('when it is lunchtime') we finish our work and go home. Awuta wawurruwi pi-ti-ri-ki-pirni kurlama api kiyi ayipa pi-ri-ma karri jajirrima wumunga. Those men took part in the kurlama then they performed the final songs on the third day. Karri anjiruwa ngawa ngamp-ipaya nginingawila waki api kiyi nga-wuriyi japuja. At lunchtime ('when it is lunchtime') we finish our work and go home. Awuta wawurruwi pi-ti-ri-ki-pirni kurlama api kiyi ayipa pi-ri-ma karri jajirrima wumunga. Those men took part in the kurlama then they performed the final songs on the third day.

karri finish   after, when it is finished. Usage: Modern Tiwi. See: yintagi; yintuwu. karri finish jurra after church. Category: Particles or conjunctions or clitics, Time.

karri maka   when or where? Nga-wun-ta-wunji-y-akirayi pili karri maka yinkiti pu-ma-ta-apa We should give food to the sick because otherwise they might not eat. Lit: We should give to the sick because when or where food they would eat?. Category: Interrogatives.

karrijini   Variant: karijini. From: English. noun. kerosene. Purruwunga karrijini kiyi jipilimi pirimi kapi yikwani. They got some kerosene and poured it onto the firewood. Category: Introduced items.

karrikamini   negative pronoun. nothing or not anything (masculine), none, no. Morph: karri ’when' + kamini ’what?'.Feminine: karrikamunga. Karrikamini pirrijangiraga, waya juwa ngini jurraga pirimi. They didn't say anything, they just crept up and killed them. Purnikapa kakiyija nyirramamugi ngini awuta papirliwi wuwapa pili wuta karrikamini yinkana. Cut up the meat into small pieces for the old people to eat because they have no teeth. Category: Pronouns. Category: Pronouns. Category: Pronouns.

waya karrikamini   nothing left, gone completely (such as food).

karrikamini -pumuriya   know everything. Morph: karrikamini 'nothing' + verb with root:‑pumuriya 'be absent'. Lit: nothing is absent from one. Gram: Old Tiwi: 'he' as subject and indirect object prefix as experiencer Karrikamini a-nginji-rra-pumuriya You know everything.

karrikamini yinkirra   Variant: karrikamini yikirra. (have) no interest or no energy, be listless. Ques: The complier has not found any examples of yinkirra other than this usage. See: jipurrawujirri; yimpayini. Ngiya waya karrawungana, ngiya waya karrikamini yinkirra. I can't do anything. I haven't any energy. Nginja karrikamini yikirra awungarra ngini nginja nyimpiriwantungwayi. You've got no interest/business here butting in (on this trouble). Nyirra karrikamini yinkirra pili nyirra waya wulikimaka. She has no interest in anything because she is an old woman. Category: Describing people or animals, Sickness or injury and healing.

karrikamunga   negative pronoun. nothing (feminine). Morph: karri ’when’ + kamunga ’what(feminine?’.Masculine: karrikamini. Category: Pronouns.

karrikuwanga   negative pronoun. no-one, nobody (feminine). Morph: karri ’when’ + kuwanga ’who(female)?’.Masculine: karrikuwani. Plural: karrikuwapi. Category: Pronouns.

karrikuwani   negative pronoun. nobody (masculine), not anybody, no-one. Morph: karri ’when' + kuwani ’who(masculine)?'.Feminine: karrikuwanga. Plural: karrikuwapi.. Old Tiwi: Awungarruwu makirrana ngimpi-ni-ri-kuruwala kapi arnuka karrikuwani yi-ma-nguwun-ta-y-ipujinga-ya. Over there we sing loudly where no-one can look at us singing. Category: Pronouns.

karrikuwapi   negative pronoun. no people. Morph: karri ’when’ + kuwapi ’who (plural)’.Masculine: karrikuwani. Feminine: karrikuwanga. Category: Pronouns.

karrimaka   locative word. be/go nowhere (else). Syn: karluwu maka. Ngiya arnuka karrimaka ngi-ma-ta-ami. Ngiya waya awungarra naki tangarima. I won't go anywhere else. I will make my home here. Category: Direction or location.

karrimap   Variant: karrimapi. Usage: Modern or New Tiwi. From: English. free form verb. carry. See: -akirtirruwa; -orlipirri; -amawini; kapaka; pwapuna. Yita ngawa ngajiti karrimapi ngamatami awarra ngirramini kangawa ruwuti. We shouldn't carry that trouble in our hearts. Category: Holding or transfer.

karrimapi   See main entry: karrimap. free form verb. carry.

karripilima   See main entry: jarripilima.

karripiyakimari   temporal word. short time. Category: Time.

karrompi   See main entry: karrampi. locative word. far.away.

karruluga   See main entry: karruwuluga.

karruluwa   free form verb. destroy, finish off. See: -kirruwa. Ngawa-rringani karruluwa yi-kirimi kapi awuta tangarima pi-ri-kirim-ani kapi Sodom. Our Father destroyed those people who lived in Sodom. Category: Violence or impact.

karrurutinga   feminine noun. Little Whimbrel (bird). See: karruwutinga. Ques: karrurutinga and karruwutinga probably are variations of the same word as the birds they refer to are similar looking. Category: Birds.

karruwuluga   Variant: karruluga. free form verb. heap, pile up, put lots of things together. Syn: -pipiluwamugi, jilikari -kirimi. See: -awunapugi. Karri ngawa nga-ri-pirni awuta tarnikuwi api karruwuluga nga-ri-kirimi. When we catch those flying foxes we make a pile of them. Category: Holding or transfer, Change of position or state.

-kartingi-   incorporated form 1. inside a building or under water. Gram: Probably originally: ki- 'evening' + -wartingi- 'under water' See: -wartingi-; -waningi-; -artingi-; yilaruwu. Yoyi yi-karti-ngi-mani. He used to dance inside the house. Tayikuwapi nimarra watu-wunji-rr-i-karti-ngi-mi. Lots of people are talking inside the house.

kartirrikani   Variant: karntirrikani. masculine noun. 1 • Cypress Pine tree. Callistris intratropica. People use the timber for making spears. When this wood burns it makes a strong pleasant smell, which repels mosquitoes and sand flies. Note: Photos from 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p32 Category: Plants, Trees.

2 • piece of timber used in building. no matter what tree it is from. Yingompa wawirruwi pi-ri-kirimi kurrampali, api purruwunyawu natinga kartirrikani, pili pirr-a-ri-mi ngamparrimani jiringa. Wangini ngarra yoni ji-p-ungipu-nga awinyirra kartirrikani, ji-p-akilingimugi, pili papurli yi-kirimi kapi ngangatawa kurrampali ngangi a-yi-kirim-ami. Some men built a house and threw out a piece of timber, which they thought was no good. But another man chose that piece of timber and put it up to make a horizontal beam in the house he was starting to build. Category: Plants, Trees, Buildings.

kartukunari   adjective. brown colour. Morph: kartukuni ’Ironwood' +‑ari ’like'. Syn: wurrinyinari. Category: Physical qualities, Colour.

kartukuni   Variant: karntukuni. From: Iwaidja. feminine noun. Ironwood tree. Erythrophleum chlorostachys. Anth: This plant is the totem for some Tiwi people. Anth: People put the leaves on ashes to produce smoke which they use to cleanse areas after the pukumani funeral ceremony. People place young babies in the smoke from the leaves to make them strong and healthy. Anth: People used to get the inner red bark, dry it in the sun and then boil it in water and use the liquid as a medicine for skin sores. Anth: People would use the hard wood to make clap-sticks, fighting sticks and axe handles. people use the dry logs to make pukumani poles and ornamental carvings. Syn: pijitinga, tumpurama. Read: 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p46. Category: Plants, Trees, Sickness or injury and healing, Plant parts.

kartuputi   From: English. noun. cardboard box, carton. Syn: jurrunga, pulangi. Category: Introduced items.

-karumula   intransitive verb root 1. go long way around. See: -warrumula. Category: Moving.

karuwa   free form verb. shorten, make it short. Ngiya karuwa ngirima karri ngirripangiraga. I made it short when I spoke. Category: Change of position or state.

karuwa   See main entry: kariyuwa. noun. small bone in wallaby's leg, needle.

-karuwi   intransitive verb root 1. rest from, have a break from doing something. Syn: karuwa -mi. pi-ri-karuwi they rested. Ngarra yi-p-ipaya ngini ngarra yi-p-amurrumi api ngarra awungarri yi-karuwi. He finished his work and then rested. Category: Being, Position, Change of position or state.

karuwunga   Variant: kariwunga. feminine noun. short female or feminine thing.Masculine: karuwuni. Plural: kakaruwuwi, karuwuwi. See: jupurtumpunga. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

karuwuni   Variant: kariwuni. masculine noun. short male or masculine thing.Feminine: karuwunga. Plural: kakaruwuwi, karuwuwi. See: jupurtumpuni. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

karuwutunga   feminine noun. Sandpiper (bird). and associated bird species. See: karruwutinga. Ques: karrurutinga and karruwutinga probably are variations of the same word as the birds they refer to are similar looking. Category: Birds.

karuwuwi   See main entry: kakaruwuwi. plural noun. short people.

katakiji   See main entry: kantakiji. masculine noun. large male wallaby or bandicoot.

katim   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. free form verb. Gram: May have Auxiliary verb with root: -mi cut. Category: Cutting or breaking or tearing.

katini   From: English. noun. garden. Category: Environment.

kawa   Variant: kowa. negative word. it wasn't, it isn't. See: arnuka; karluwu. Ngiya kawa. Ngiya arnuka mitaya ngirimi nginingila yinkiti. It wasn't me. I didn't steal your food. Category: Particles or conjunctions or clitics.

kawakawani   free form verb. sing traditional style. sad singing. See: kawakawayi. Nyirra karawakani jiyimi karri ngirra-mirani jimirrarami. She sang kawakawani when her son died. Category: Talking or thinking, Ceremonies.

kawakawayi   free form verb. sing traditional style. happy singing. Gram: Generally used only as an exhortation to sing. See: kawakawini. Kawakawayi ta - ami or kawakawayi ta - kuruwala Sing ! Awuta wulikimawi kawakawayi pirimi kapi Grand Final. Those old women sang kawakawayi at the Grand Final. Category: Talking or thinking, Ceremonies.

kawanipani   Variant: kawanupani. locative word. in front of something. See: kawanupanuwanga; aringampura. Kama kawanipani nyimpi-nu-wujingi-muwu? Why are you sitting in front (of me)? Category: Direction or location.

kawanupani   See main entry: kawanipani. locative word. in front of something.

kawanupanuwanga   free form verb. meet head on. See: kawunaga. Category: Violence or impact.

kawarri   masculine noun. goanna. Syn: muwani. See: muwaka; warrikarriki; yuwarnti; pakitiroti. Note: Picture (1) from 'Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary' and (2) by artist at Murripurtiyanuwu Catholic School Category: Reptiles.

-kawiya   intransitive verb root 1. 1 • surround or crowd around someone, mob someone. Morph: Old Tiwi: ki‑’evening' +‑wawiya ’crowd around' ’crowd around in evening'.. Gram: In Modern Tiwi it can be used in same way as -wawiya. pirikawiya they crowded around. Syn: -wawiya. Karri ngarra yipakupurungunti api tayikuwapi pi-ri-kawiya. When he fainted everyone crowded around. Category: Position, Change of position or state, Social behaviour.

2 • build up a fire, pile wood on fire; Lit: crowd (wood) onto fire. pi-rr-kawiya they built up the fire. Karri yikwani jikirimi api ji-kawiya awarra yikwani. When they made the fire they piled the wood on. Category: Fire, Food and cooking.

kawukawunga   feminine noun. Bustard. Ardeotis australs.Masculine: kawukawuni. Note: Picture from 'Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary' and Photo from ‘Tiwi Plants and Animals’ p93 Category: Birds.

kawukawuni   masculine noun. Bustard, Turkey.Feminine: kawukuwunga. Ques: It is not clear what the difference is between this masculine form and the feminine form. It may be gender or maybe size. Note: Photo from ‘Tiwi Plants and Animals’ p93 Category: Birds.

kawunaga   free form verb. Gram: with ‘he’ as subject face towards. Gram: Often used with pungintaga Kawunaga nankitaga tamuwu! Sit facing this way! Pilikama nuwa kawunaga ngimpu-wuji-ngi-ma nankitawu? Why are you mob facing that way? Category: Being, Position. Category: Being, Position. Category: Being, Position.

pungintaga kawunaga -ma   turn one's head towards. Morph: pungintaga 'head' kawunaga 'face towards': + verb with root:‑ma 'become'. Gram: with ‘he’ as subject

yarti kawunaga -ma   be upside down, bend over. Morph: yarti ’ground' + kawunaga ’face towards' +‑ma ’become'.

kawunga   feminine noun. snail. Syn: wuripijirringa, purruputurruma. Note: Picture from CD disk - BUGS from Marshall Publishing Ltd. Category: Insects and spiders.

kaya   feminine noun. rope. Syn: arlipurrunga. Category: Introduced items.

kayartirri   Variant: kayatirri. masculine noun. Bamboo, shaft of fishing spear. Bambusa arnhemica. People use the stems to make strong, flexible and buoyant shafts for fishing spears. Syn: arlijuta. Note: Photo from 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p2 Note: Photo from KozziImages - Kozzi.com Category: Plants, Grass.

kayatirri   See main entry: kayartirri. masculine noun. Bamboo, shaft of fishing spear.

kayi   Variant: ninkayi. particle. listen! Gram: demanding attention to what is to follow; Modern Tiwi: usually following -mi 'say'. I am not sure if there is a difference between ninkayi and kayi. Ninkayi appears to occur ay the beginning of conersattion or dsicourse. Yu-wati-mini-tiyarra, "Aya ngirringani muwatuwu mu-rr-apa jipwajirringa." "Ayi, api awarra kayi nginja awungarra" ngirr-ati-wurtiyarra, "pili nginta wupungawama. Awu, ngiyatuwu ngini wangatamiya ngum-pa-y-apinagi pili ngini mupaapa ,"ngirr-ajiyarra. He said to me one morning, "Hey dad, you and I should eat wallaby." "Well (we'll do) that. Listen, you stay here," I told him, "because the grass is high. And I will sneak along on my own," I said. Ngarra awarra yi-min-tiyarra, yimi ngini, "Api nginta jurra ninganinara mu-yi-kirim-ami." "Ayi," ngirimi. "Kayi, nginja kitaga tamiringarra," yimi kangilawa. That man told me, "Well, we are going to start church soon." "Oh," I said. "Listen, you sit here!" he said to me. Ninkayi, parlingarri yati tini ji-mi-larling-apira punkaringini ngini ngarra ngawa-rringani yi-p-angiraga. Listen, long ago one man wrote down in a book that which our Father spoke. Ninkayi kuwa ngimpi-ripu-rra-y-ipujinga-mi awuta kapi muwunu-waluwa. Listen, we obey those who teach us. Category: Particles or conjunctions or clitics.

kayimoga   See main entry: kayimwaga. noun. hair (of head), foliage, leaves.

kayimwaga   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: kayimoga. noun. hair (of head), foliage, leaves. Syn: murrula. See: yilima; yilipuga; karrarntaya; kulijima; mirripuranji; ngilinjira; maripilima; murrarini. Kiyi, karri jiyi-ki-ja yiminga naki wurlirrima api naki kayimwaga paparluwi nginiwuta kayimwaga naki pirr-awurrin-ani naki jukwarringa. Then, when the sun was going down the old people would cut off their hair with a mussel shell. Category: Body parts and products, Plant parts.

kayimwagakimi   noun. comb. Morph: kayimwaga ’hair' +‑kimi ’for the purpose of'. Syn: murrulakimi, majirti. Category: Introduced items.

kayimwagawama   feminine noun. long-haired female or female animal. Morph: kayimawaga ’hair' +‑awama ’INTENSIFIER'(feminine).Masculine: kayimwagawamini. Syn: murrlawamini. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

kayimwagawamini   masculine noun. long-haired (male) or male with lot of hair. Morph: kayimwaga ’hair' +‑awamini ’INTENSIFIER (masculine)’.Feminine: kayimwagawama. Syn: murrulawamini. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

kayintini   Variant: kayitini. From: English. masculine noun. shop. Category: Buildings.

kayipi   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. noun. cave. Category: Environment, Land or ground.

kayitini   See main entry: kayintini. masculine noun. shop.

ki-   Variant: ku-. verb prefix. Gram: 7th order of verbal prefixes - temporal; occurs immediately before nucleus of verb night, evening. Gram: Occurs when action takes place in late afternoon, evening or night

-ki-   Variant: -ku-. incorporated form 1. fire, ashes. See: yikwani; pumutinga; yarikatinga; -akirningi-. Api karri a-ri-ki-y-awurligi turna awarra yikwani api awungarri yirrungurni nga-ri-kirimi awinyirra yilinga. When the fire dies down to coals, we cook the snake in the ashes. Kiyana ampi-ri-ki-ma awinyirra purinjirringa. The log is blackened enough by the fire.

kicki   See main entry: kiki. free form verb. kick.

kickim   See main entry: kiki. free form verb. kick.

kijankara   Usage: Old Tiwi. masculine noun. shark. Syn: tartuwali, kitirruta. Note: Picture by artist at Murripurtiyanuwu Catholic School Category: Sea or mangrove or river life, Fish.

-kiji-   Variant: -kuji-. incorporated form 1. stick. See: tangini; yipurrini; purtini. Yipurrini nga-ri-marri-kiji -ma. We'll fight with sticks. a-wuni-yi-ma-rri-kiji-ja He is coming with a stick. Ninkiyi, purtini pi-ri-kij-awurrin-ani, pi-ri-ma-rri-kiji-y-it-ani. Pi-ri-kiji-nyaw-ani, ninkiyi piti-ri-pirn-ani awinyirra wurrukuliki. Then they would cut a stick from a small mangrove tree and would stand with it. They would throw the stick and they would hit the goose.

-kijika   transitive verb root 1. plant; bury; dig hole and fill it in again. See: -kurungumi. pi-ri-kijika they planted something, they buried something/someone. Ngawa pariwani api nginti-p-apurti kapi wuta katini pi-ri-kijika, api ngawa awungaji mitaya ngintirimi awarra wurranyini. We were hungry so we went up to where they had planted a garden, and there we stole peanuts. Karri nguntuwunga muranga api awungarri nga-p-akupawurlamigi mantilumwani amintiya parruwarti ngampi-ri-kijika awarra yangamini. Then we put back the vine and soil and fill in the hole. yinkana ngini nga-ri-kijika seed which we plant. Category: Change of position or state, Land or ground.

kijim   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. free form verb. Gram: May have Auxiliary verb with root: -mi get. Category: Holding or transfer.

-kijima   Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 1. Gram: Old Tiwi : + indirect object prefix spear someone. Syn: -aniligi, -kupuri, -milima, minga -mi. See: turli -wurtimi; -palipa; -pukulonjigi. pi-ti-mi-kijima they speared him. Ngarra ngiya-rringani ji-mi-kijima jupwajirringa kapi warta. My father speared a wallaby in the bush. Api ninkiyi wutatuwu awunganuwanga pitimikijima wuta-mantani. So then they in turn in the same way speared their friend. Note: Picture from 'Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary' Category: Hunting or fishing, Violence or impact.

kijinga   See main entry: kirijinga. feminine noun. small (feminine).

kijini   See main entry: kirijini. masculine noun. small (masculine).

kijipurruwatuwu   See main entry: kujupurruwatuwu. feminine noun. female turtle.

-kijipwayi   Variant: fe Þ Old_Tiwi: -kijilipwayi. intransitive verb root 1. put handle on something; to join things together; to insert one part into another. See: -kitimira. pi-ri-kijipwayi they put a handle on something. Nyirra ngiya-naringa ji-kijipwayi/ji-kijilipwayi awinyirra wulijinga. Her mother put a handle on the tin. Category: Change of position or state, Holding or transfer.

-kijirruwa   Variant: -kijurruwa; -kujurruwa. intransitive verb root 1. warm oneself (by fire), become warm; to use up (electricity). pi-ri-kijirruwa they warmed themselves. Wuta kakirijuwi pi-ri-kijurruwa kapi yikwani pili wuta yirriwini. The children warmed themselves by the fire because they were cold. Category: Holding or transfer, Change of position or state.

-kijiyangurliga   transitive verb stem 1. clear away (ashes). Morph: ‑kiji‑’stick' +‑angurliga ’clear away'. See: -anginiga; -piyanginiga; -wapiyanginiga; -angininyimi; -kuruga; -punginiga. pirikijiyangurliga they cleared away (ashes) with a stick. Ngawa ngampi-ri-kijiyangurliga turna amintiya pumutinga kiyi ngampamurtigi awinyirra kwaka kangi pumutinga. After that we clear away the coals and ashes and we tip the kwaka into the ashes, then we bury them and cook them in the ashes. Category: Food and cooking, Change of position or state.

-kijori   intransitive verb root 1. 1 • be damp (as of ground), washed, clean (as clothes). Gram: 'he' or 'she' as subject See: -mirnayi; kukunila; -ukwa; -ungwali. yikijori it was damp. Category: Describing things, Water. Category: Describing things, Water.

-ilipikijori   for clothes to be clean or damp. Morph: ‑ilipi‑’clothes' +‑kijori' be damp'. Ngawa ngampil-ip-unyirri awinyirra kuluji api amp-ilipikijori We wash the clothes so they are clean.

2 • be healthy (of people). pi-ri-kijori they were healthy. Nyirra ampi-ri-kijori pili mwarliki ampirimi yimpaja. She is healthy because she always bathes. Category: Describing people or animals.

kiki   Variant: kikim; kicki; kickim. Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. free form verb. kick. See: -anyuwunyawu; -parrigi. Category: Playing, Violence or impact.

kikim   See main entry: kiki. free form verb. kick.

-kilampa   Variant: -kilapa. intransitive verb root 1. blink. See: -kili-; -kilipi; -kilarrapugi. pirikilampa they blinked. Nyirra ji-kilampa pili nyirra pirlikiti ju-wuji-ngi-m-ani. She blinked her eyes because she was crying. Category: Body functions or actions.

kilampingawinanyimi   See main entry: kirlampingawinanyimi. masculine noun. really ugly man; really unpleasant or nasty man.

kilampingawini   See main entry: kirlampingawini. masculine noun. ugly man; unpleasant or nasty man who says or does bad things.

kilampingawiwi   See main entry: kirlampingawiwi. plural noun. ugly people; unpleasant or nasty people who say bad things.

kilampingawunga   See main entry: kirlampingawunga. feminine noun. ugly woman; unpleasant or nasty woman who says or does bad things.

kilangoyinga   Variant: kilangwayinga. noun. room, enclosed inside area. See: marikilangwayingawama. Ninkiyi, yimi ngini, "Yita kilangwayinga awungarruwu kapi ngawa ngwiyi nga-ru-muk-apa, amintiya arramukaminawurti a-p-alamiya ngini yinkiti a-ri-marringi-rr-apungin-amiya, amintiya ngini ngarra yinkiti a-ri-marringi-rr-awulari. awungaji jilikari nyi-li-pa-marringi-kirimi," yimi ngawa-yuwuni, yuwuntiyarra awuta yuwurrara ngarra-mamanta. Then he said, "There is a room there where we will eat together, and there are all sorts of things in it ready for putting food on. You are to get the food ready," said our Older brother to his two friends. Category: Buildings.

kilangoyingamini   Variant: kilangwayingamini. noun. large room or enclosed inside area. Api ninkiyi, tayikuwapi purruwuriyi awungarruwu kapi jampaka, api pirripawuriji yilaruwu, api ninkiyi piniripiyamunyirrimi awuta tayikuwapi. Kilangoyingamini tuwawanga pirikirimi. Well then many people went there to the house and went inside and more people kept coming. They made room for them. Category: Introduced items.

kilangwayinga   See main entry: kilangoyinga. room.

kilapi   From: English. club. Wuta awuta Wulinjini Club pirri-p-akirayi awuta maminikuwi yinkiti karri anjiruwa. Api awungarri tayikuwapi maminikuwi amintiya wuta-mwaruwi purru-wapa awungarruwu kapi kilapi. Those at the Wulinjini Club gave the women food at lunchtime. At that time many women and their children ate there at the club. Category: Introduced items, Buildings.

-kilarirri   verb root 1. twitch (nerve). Anth: When a nerve twitches in a part of one's body one knows that someone is coming back from being away. Syn: -kilipi. Syn: -kilipi.

-milikilarirri   have a twitch in one's foot. Morph: –mili ’foot’ +‑kilariirri twitch’. Anth: It indicates that one's brother-in-law or sister-in-law is coming from far away. Category: Body functions or actions.

-kilarrapugi   Variant: -ajikilarrapugi; -wurtikilarrapugi; -ikilarrapugi. transitive verb root 2. 1 • poke in eye (with finger). Gram: As with other verbs which have variations with the prefixes, aji- and wurti-. I have not been able to determine the reasons for these or the differences in meaning or whether the base form is -kilarrapugi or -ikilarrapugi. Syn: -punkilarrapugi, -pungipa. See: -kili-; -wurtikirimi. ngu-minj-ikilarrapugi I poke you in eye (with finger). ngi-rri-wurtikilarrapug-amiya I poked myself in the eye. Category: Violence or impact.

2 • look someone in the eye, tell someone to their face. See: -akurluwunyi; -ipiti; -umani; -akurlupuwunyi; -upuji; -apuji; -wiya; -imiya; -angurupunya; -wujirra -kilurumi; -alimwanjigi; -anyiki; -apu-; -akirli-; -kili-. pi-rri-min-ta-kilarrapugi they looked me in the eye. Ngini ngirramini ngi-rri-nginji-rra-ani api ngi-rri-nginj-ajikilarrapugi. If I had trouble with you then I would tell you to your face. Kangi ngatawa yirrikilingapa pirri-wurtikilarrapugi They talked to him to his face. Category: Senses, Body functions or actions.

-kilawami   intransitive verb root 1. have sunken eyes, for the sun to be dull. Morph: ‑kili‑’eye' +‑awami (?). Syn: pijara yilaruwu, yinkili yilaruwu, yartijangari. Karri nyirra jana arikulani api ampi-ri-kilawami. When she is really sick she gets sunken eyes. Category: Describing people or animals, Body functions or actions, Sickness or injury and healing, Weather.

kilawuji   See main entry: kurluji. noun. clothes.

-kili-   Variant: -kirli-. incorporated form 1. eye, look. Syn: -akirli-. Ques: The forms -akirli- and -kili- were once probably the same form. When it is used in compound words it is usually -kirli-, such as kirlipaga 'avoid looking in eye', kirlimurrupuni 'sharp-eyed'. The compiler is not sure of this meaning or what the differences may be between the use of this form versus the other forms -akirli and -apu-. See: pijara, minkika, tupurra, miliyika, japaluka; -apu-, -akurluwunyi, -akurlupuwunyi, -upuji, -apuji, -umani -wiya, lukim, -ungira, -ipiti, -alimwanjigi, -imiya, -wujirra, -kilurumi, -angurupunya, -anyiki, -kilarrapugi. Yi-kili-ya a-p-urranyu-wa. He looks for a place.

-kilijingayi   intransitive verb root 1. poke out (tongue). See: -umwanga. a-p-apati-ngi-kilijingayi he pokes his tongue out at everyone. Category: Body functions or actions.

kilikiyija   feminine noun. top of tree or end of branch where lots of little branches, small creek, rivulet. where the creek begins. See: makatinga. Aya nginja nyimpijirrawulari kilikiyija. Hey, you are climbing to the top of the tree (where the branches are small). Category: Water, Plant parts.

kilikiyijini   masculine noun. rice, rice bubbles. Morph: kili‑’eye' + kiyijini ’small'. Syn: pirraja, -kili- (Incorporated form). Category: Food and cooking, Introduced food.

-kilimakanya   verb stem. pull open another's eyes. as a doctor would. Morph: ‑kili‑’eye' +‑makanya ’split open'. Ngarra tokuta yi-kilimakanya nginingilawa pijara pili ngiya jana. The doctor pulled my eyes open because I was sick. Category: Food and cooking, Sickness or injury and healing.

-kilimiji   transitive verb root 1. shine (sun) in one's eye. Morph: ‑kili‑’eye' +‑miji ’pick up on way'. See: -miji; -amirna; -angulani; -angulonikuga; -kara; karawu; mirlimirli. ngirringirri. ampi-ngini-kilimiji warnarringa the sun is shining in my eye. Lit: the sun is picking up my eye. Category: Light, Body functions or actions.

kiliminamini   See main entry: kiliminawamini. masculine noun. smelly male.

kiliminawama   Variant: kiliminama. feminine noun. smelly female. Morph: kilimini ’body odour' +‑(aw)ama ’INTENSIFIER (feminine)'.Masculine: kiliminawamini, kiliminamini. Nyirra kiliminawama pili karluwu mwarliki jiyimi. She smells because he hasn't washed. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

kiliminawamini   Variant: kiliminamini. masculine noun. smelly male. Morph: kilimini ’body odour' +‑awamini ’INTENSIFIER (masculine)'.Feminine: kiliminawama, kiliminama. Ngarra kiliminawamini pili karluwu mwarliki yimi. He smells because he hasn't washed. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

kilimini   masculine noun. smell of sweat, person's distinctive smell, body odour, scent. of animal. See: kalampara; -kirnini. Category: Body functions or actions.

kiliminjangini   See main entry: kirliminjangini. free form verb. sleep.

kiliminjini   See main entry: kirliminjini. free form verb. sleep.

-kilimira   intransitive verb root 1. close eyes. Morph: ‑kili‑’eye' +‑mira. Ques: I have not found any other use of the root: -mira. Karri jurrumumi yimi layiti api pi-ri-kilimira awuta kakirijuwi. When the light was turned on the children closed their eyes. Note: Picture from 'Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary' Category: Body functions or actions.

-kilimirri   See main entry: -kirlimirri. intransitive verb root 1. scold, rouse at, reprove, reprimand.

kilimiyinga   feminine noun. 1 • thigh. Syn: yinkala, pokiriparri, kiripayuwa. See: yirrikarla; yirranikara; nguwana; rapugi; yimpitarruraga; -wankili-; -wampiti-. Ngiyatuwu kilimiyinga ngimpitimarti ngintaluwapa pili ngiya nguwapa I want the thigh, give it to so I can eat it. Category: Body parts and products.

2 • decorative scars on thigh. See: miyinga; mumutaringa; munguntaringa. Category: Traditional religion, Art.

-kilimurri   See main entry: -kirlimurri. intransitive verb root 1. go out,(as fire, light); dry up, heal (as of sore).

-kilimurrigi or -kilimurrugi   See main entry: -kirlimurrigi.

kilimurrupunga   See main entry: kirlimurrupunga. feminine noun. 1 • rounded throwing stick with projecting spike.

2 • Modern Tiwi: sharp (feminine).

kilimurrupuni   See main entry: kirlimurrupuni. Usage: Old Tiwi: \ps masculine noun. person with sharp eyes.

kiliniki   See main entry: kirliniki. noun. clinic, hospital.

kilinimi   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. free form verb. clean. Syn: -pirri. See: -wunyirri; mwarliki fe Þ or kilinimi -mi. Category: Change of position or state.

kilinja   See main entry: kirlinja. noun. Spike Rush root; Water Chestnut.

kilinjini   Variant: kirlinjini. masculine noun. waterhole, lake, billabong, swamp. still fresh water. Syn: yirringarni. See: kukuni; makatinga; kukwa; kutinga. Note: Photo by Joy Naden Category: Water.

kilipaga   See main entry: kirlipaga.

kilipaniyati   See main entry: kiliparniyati. masculine noun. youth at second stage of initiation.

kiliparniyati   Variant: kilipaniyati. masculine noun. youth at second stage of initiation. Syn: wunamuwu. Ninkiyi, ngini ngarra kilipaniyati warntirrana, ngini kangarra miritiga a-p-apulipa, api naki alipurrini arimi yintuwani. He who was definitely at the kiliparniyati initiation stage (second stage) around whose neck it (the necklet) went and this string went at the back. Category: Initiation stages.

-kilipi   intransitive verb root 1. twist fibre by rubbing back and forth in hands, such as hair in making tinimurrula (a hair belt), twirl or twist one firestick on another piece of wood, bang clapping sticks together, clap sticks together, blink eyes. involves movement back and forth. See: -akinapugi; -kilampa; -mumuni; -kipa; -kipunga; tawutawunga; -kulumuna. pi-ri-kilipi they twirled it. murrula pi-p-ili-kilip-ani They used to twist hair (to make a tinimurrula). Ngarra muluwanya yi-kilipi api yikwani yikirimi. He twirled a firestick (on wood) and made a fire. [MCS Book 227 p2 (modified)] Note: Picture (1) from 'Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary' and (2) by SIL artist, Wilf Stephan Category: Moving, Change of position or state, Fire, Holding or transfer. Category: Moving, Change of position or state, Fire, Holding or transfer. Category: Moving, Change of position or state, Fire, Holding or transfer.

piyani -kilipi   blink eyes when nodding off to sleep, eyelids to keep closing with sleep. Morph: piyani 'sleep': fe+ verb with root:‑kilipi 'clap'. Gram: May have wuji- ’CONTINUOUS’

-kilipi + [body part]   twitch (a nerve), tingle. Anth: When a nerve twitches in a part of one's body one knows that someone is coming back from being away. Syn: -kilarirri. Karri a-ri-kilipi kintanga api nga-ri-pungintayi ngini ngawa-nyimini awunuwuja, arrami ngawa nyimunga. When a nerve in our foot twitches we think about our brother-in-law, coming back or maybe our sister-in-law. Category: Body functions or actions.

kilipilaya   See main entry: kilipirlaya. noun. eyelash.

kilipirlaya   Variant: kilipilaya. noun. eyelash. Syn: yinkilipilaga. Category: Body parts and products.

kilipuranji   See main entry: yinkirlipuranji. predicative. having good eyes.

-kilira   intransitive verb root 1. for something to spread out over an area, make room for others, move along to allow others to fit in space. See: aringampirra; -alirra; -palirrari; -wutiga; palingarra; palingwaya. pi-ri-kilira they spread out over an area; they moved up for others. "Api yingarti kakirijuwi nyi-rra-kirimi ngini wu-rra-kilira nginingaji ngatawa murrakupupuni a-pu-ngi-mi," yi-mi. Well have lots of children, so that they will spread out all over the world," he said. Category: Moving. Category: Moving. Category: Moving.

punyipunyi -kilira   understand. Morph: punyipunyi 'brain' + verb with root:‑kilira 'spread out'. Lit: brain spreads out. See: -wayakurluwunyi. yi-kilira ngini wuta punyipunyi they understood.

-wakilira   spread word. Morph: ‑wa‑’word' +‑kilira ’spread'.

kilirampani   See main entry: kirlirampani. masculine noun. Crow.

kilirapani   See main entry: kirlirampani. masculine noun. Crow.

kiliriga   See main entry: kirliriga.

kilirika   See main entry: kirlirika. feminine noun. staring female.

kilirini   See main entry: kirlirini. masculine noun. staring male.

kiliripi   See main entry: kirliripi. plural noun. staring people.

kilirruparinga   See main entry: kirlirruparinga. feminine noun. thin, slim or skinny female.

kilirruparuwi   See main entry: kirlirruparuwi. plural noun. thin or skinny people.

kilirrupati   See main entry: kirlirrupati. masculine noun. thin or skinny male.

kilirrupatinga   See main entry: kirlirruparinga. feminine noun. thin, slim or skinny female.

kilirrupatuwi   See main entry: kirlirruparuwi. plural noun. thin or skinny people.

-kilirumi   See main entry: -kilurumi. intransitive verb root 1. see, watch out, be able to see.

kiliwaga   See main entry: kirluwaga. masculine noun. saltwater estuary or creek.

kiliwarti   See main entry: kiluwarti. masculine noun. dirt, soil.

kiliwirnta   See main entry: kuluwurta. locative word. in the middle, among.

kiliwirta   See main entry: kuluwurta. locative word. in the middle, among.

-kiliwurimi   See main entry: -kuluwurumi. grow.

kiliwurta   See main entry: kuluwurta. locative word. in the middle, among.

-kiliwurti   Variant: -kuluwurti. intransitive verb root 1. be silly or mad, do silly things with eyes (such as screw them up). See: jamaningini; -wurtingirraga; punyipunyi jirti. pi-ri-kiliwurti they were mad. a-ri-kiliwurti he is mad. Category: Describing people or animals, Non-physical qualities, Body functions or actions.

-kiliwurtiya   Variant: -kuluwurtiya. intransitive verb root 1. screw up eyes. Kama nyimpi-ri-kuluwurtiya? Why are you screwing up your eyes? Category: Body functions or actions.

-kiliwurumi   See main entry: -kuluwurumi. intransitive verb root 1. grow up.

kiliwuta   See main entry: kuluwurta. locative word. in the middle, among.

kiliyinga   feminine noun. bulb. small wetland food for geese and people. Category: Plant parts.

kilupi   masculine noun. tin (container), billycan. Syn: karlupuka, wilijinga, panikini. See: -ilinganta-. Category: Introduced items, Tools or utensils.

-kilurumi   Variant: -kilirumi; -kulurumi. intransitive verb root 1. see, watch out, be able to see. See: takulurumi; -akurluwunyi; -ipiti; -umani; -akurlupuwunyi; -upuji; -apuji; -wiya; -imiya; -angurupunya -wujirra; -alimwanjigi; -anyiki; -kunjingira; -kilarrapugi; -apu-; -akirli-; -kili-. pi-ri-kilurumi they were able to see. Ngarra yi-kilurumi ngini ju-wunyayi yilinga. He was able to see to find the carpet snake. Category: Senses, Body functions or actions.

kilutuki   See main entry: kurlutuki. masculine noun. pigeon, dove.

kiluwaga   See main entry: kirluwaga. estuary.

kiluwagamini   See main entry: kirluwagamini. masculine noun. wide saltwater creek or strait.

kiluwarringa   See main entry: kirluwarringa. feminine noun. stingray.

kiluwarti   Variant: kirluwarti; kuluwarti; kiliwarti. masculine noun. dirt, soil, earth. Syn: parruwarti, yilumuwuni. See: parrupawurli; yuwuni. Category: Land or ground.

kiluwartila   Variant: kuluwartila. predicative. dirty, soiled. Syn: parruwartila. See: pukupurala. Category: Physical qualities.

kiluwuka   See main entry: kirluwuka. feminine noun. 1 • turtle's egg or eggs.

2 • type of crab.

kiluwunila   See main entry: kuluwunila. masculine noun. dry ground, after tide gone out.

-kiluwurimi   See main entry: -kuluwurumi. intransitive verb root 1. grow up.

-kima   intransitive verb root. Gram: Old Tiwi: 'he' as subject + 'her' as indirect object prefix Pi-ri-m-ani ngini, "Yita yingarti ampi-ri-ma-j-i-iti awinyirra kwaka. Api awunganari? Nginingaji waya yirrara a-min-ta-kima awinyirra kwaka," pi-ri-m-ani. ....... Api awinyirra yirrara yi-mirri-kima awinyirra kwaka. They would say, "There sure is a lot of Cycad palms standing here. How many? Enough to make two lots of prepared nuts. ...... Well were enough Cycad palm nuts to make two lots. Ques: I am not sure if this is the meaning as this is the only case of the root: -kima I have found, so it is not clear if it only applies to the preparation of kwaka or is more general.

-kimajirripi   verb stem. sleep or lie down (with someone). Morph: ki‑’evening' +‑majirripi ’lie down'. Ques: Apparently this means just 'sleep or lie down with someone' but not 'to have intercourse'. See: -akupurunga; -umi; -kimili; -kimarrimili; -kujurruwa. Wuta nyirra-purnayi pirikimajirripi kapi awinyirra anginayi kurrampali. She and her husband slept together in the house. Category: Being, Body functions or actions.

kimanga   feminine noun. flounder fish. Syn: mwarikati. Category: Sea or mangrove or river life, Fish.

kimangari   Variant: kumangari. free form verb. Gram: May have indirect object prefix be in an avoidance relationship, avoid looking at someone or to avoid another person's eyes. relating to avoidance rules of speech and behaviour as between brothers and sisters, sisters and brothers in law; an old custom: when baby is young (before it can turn itself over) the father avoids looking mother in eye. Also refers to avoiding looking at one's girl/boyfriend in public. Syn: kirlipaga. See: -amuruwuliya. Ngarra kimangari a-mirri-mi ngarra-yupunga. He is in an avoidance relationship with her ( e.g.. his sister, sister-in-law). Karri a-wa-j-akurluwunyi ngarra-mani api ngarra kumangari a-mi-mi. When he tries to catch his friend's eye then he avoids looking at him. Category: Beliefs, Describing people or animals, Social behaviour, Traditional customs.

kimarra   masculine noun. tail (of crocodile or fish). Syn: putupwarra. See: tuwara; aripiya; murruputi. Note: Photo by Gary Lee with permission Category: Animal parts.

-kimarrimili   verb stem. have intercourse, copulate. Morph: ki‑’evening' + marri‑’with' +‑mili ’lie down'. Lit: lie down with someone at night. Syn: -umi, -kimili, -kujurruwa. See: -akupurunga; -kimajirripi. Category: Body functions or actions, Social behaviour.

-kimi   Variant: -kumi. nominal suffix. tide with crabs (bringing in crabs). Gram: It may occur on verbs in which case it turns the verb into a noun. kintangakimi. Lit: for the purpose of foot. kumutikimi. Lit: for the purpose of beard. milampwarakimi. Lit: for the purpose of foot. pajungwanikimi. Lit: for the purpose of death or causing death. pwakayinikimini. Morph: pwakayini ’laugh' +‑kimi ’associated with' +‑ni ’Masculine'. wuninjakakimi. Lit: for the purpose of wind. yikwanikimi. Lit: for the purpose of wind. wumpilipijawiya-kimi. Lit: for the purpose that they sew cloth. jaluwunikimi.

-kimili   intransitive verb root 1. have intercourse, copulate, sleep with. Morph: ki‑’evening' +‑mili ’lie down'. Gram: but used only with special meaning Syn: -umi, -kimarrimili, -kujurruwa. See: -akupurunga; -kimajirripi. Awarra arikutumurnini wuta ngarra-purnayinga pi-ri-kimili. That man and his wife had intercourse. Category: Body functions or actions, Social behaviour.

-kimirna   Variant: -kumurna. transitive verb root 1. wrap or tie up, bind, bandage, wind something around someone; Modern Tiwi: be tied up. Syn: -purumagi, aruwurriga -kirimi. See: -kitimira. pi-ri-kimirna they wrapped it up, they tied it up. Karluwu puranji ji-ja-kimirna mantilumwani api yipapirla awarra jalikaraji They didn't tie the string so it came undone. Karri ngirri-p-awurligi kapi purinjirringa api pi-ri-kimirna nginingilawa yikara, awuta tokutuwi. When I fell over the doctor bandaged my hand. Category: Change of position or state, Sickness or injury and healing.

kimirrakinari   Variant: kumurrakinari. temporal word. season of year during the dry season kumurrupunari, following. time for burning off the grass to make it easier to see wallabies when hunting. See main entry: kimirrakini fe Þ ’burnt off counrty' fe:+ -ari fe:’time_of’. Syn: pakitatiyari. Read: 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p7. Category: Time, Weather, Seasons.

kimirrakini   Variant: kumurrakini. 1 • masculine noun. burnt off (country or land). Syn: pakitatiya. See: pakitatiyari; yakuluwuni; yarti; warta; pamparinga; mirrimparinga; mirrituwunga; murrakupupuni; timani yawurlama. Pu-rru-p-angulani wupunga api waya kimirrakini awirankini. They burnt off the grass so (the country) is now newly burnt off. Category: Land or ground.