A - a

a-   verb prefix. Gram: 1st order of verbal prefixes - subject-tense 1 • he (NON-PAST). Gram: Old Tiwi: on intransitive verbs; Modern Tiwi: on any verb See: yi-; ampi-; ji-. a-ri-muwu he lives. Modern Tiwi: ar-ri-pirni he hits him or her.

2 • he or she (NON-PAST). Gram: Old Tiwi: on transitive verbs with 'him' as object See: yi-; ampi-; ji-. Old Tiwi: Transitive verb: a-ri-pirni he or she hits him.

a-   See main entry: wa-. verb prefix. Gram: 3rd order of verbal prefixes – mood 1 - FRUSTRATIVE try to, (NON-PAST), in vain (PAST).

-a   transitive verb root 2. look at, observe. Gram: I have found this form with the CONTINUOUS prefix wuji-, giving -wujirra 'look at continuously, stare' Syn: -akurluwunyi, -akurlupuwunyi, -upuji, -apuji, -umani, -wiya, lukim -mi. See: -ungira; -ipiti; -alimwanjigi; -imiya; -wujirra; -kilurumi; -angurupunya; -anyiki; -kunjingira; -kilarrapugi -apu-; -akirli-; -kili-. Kilirini awarra ngi-ri-mamula ngini ngarra a-muwuni-wujirra. We call that one "staring eyes" who keeps looking at us. Kama nginja kiliriga nyimpu-ngunu-wujirra? Why are you staring at me? Category: Senses, Body functions or actions.

-a   See main entry: -wunga. transitive verb root 3. grab, get.

-aami-   incorporated form 2. bundle of firewood. Ques: I have found this only in Osborne, 1974 p49 See: -irraami-.

afwayi   Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. locative word. half-way. See: pirlima. Kiyi yinkitayi waya, kiyi karri yi-ni-p-apaya, kiyi ngintu-wuriyi tuwanga, afwayi ngintuwuriyi tumayil. Then he was nearly done and when he was finished, they went again half-way, they went to Two Mile. Category: Direction or location.

aga   interjection. hey (said to woman).Masculine: aya. Plural: awi. Nginta wanga nyi-rra-ami ngini, "Aga, nginari. Nginta wanga ngu-wuja kapi ngiya-mamanta," nyi-rra-ami. You should say, "Hey, mother, I am going to my friends," say. Category: Interjections.

-agi   Variant: -ayi. transitive verb root 2. drop off or set down (from vehicle). Gram: May have word for vehicle or boat or a locative word pirripagi they dropped him off. Wuta pi-rri-min-t-agi they dropped me off (from vehicle or boat). Awungarra yi-mini-kiyayi. He dropped me off here in the evening. Category: Holding or transfer, Transport.

agini   masculine noun. handle of stone axe; flexible stick bent double. See: wurlani; munkwanga; munkwani; walimani; kurrijuwa; jampayini. Note: Picture from ‘Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary’ Category: Tools or utensils.

agiyi   See main entry: awiyi. Category: Interjections.

-aj-   See main entry: -waji-. incorporated form 3. only, just.

ajajawu   noun / predicative. a nursing baby. Gram: always used with kirijini or kiyijini 'little boy' or kirijinga or kiyijinga 'little girl' See: tuwulingata; kalanjimini; kalanjiminga; arringata; arringatini; arringatinga; jarrikarlaninga₂; wangatunga2 numwariyaka; minkilati; minkilatinga. kiyijini ajajawu baby boy who is still nursing. kiyijinga ajajawu baby girl who is still nursing. Category: People, Human stages.

-ajampuni   See main entry: -ajapurni. transitive verb root 2. turn something around.

-ajampunimaya   See main entry: -ajapurnimaya. intransitive verb root 2. turn self around.

-ajampurni   See main entry: -ajapurni. transitive verb root 2. turn something or someone over or around.

-ajampurnimaya   See main entry: -ajapurnimaya. intransitive verb root 2. turn self around.

-ajapuni   See main entry: -ajapurni. transitive verb root 2. turn something.

-ajapunimaya   See main entry: -ajapurnimaya. intransitive verb root 2. turn self around.

-ajapurni   Variant: –ajampurni; fe Þ Modern _Tiwi: -ajapuni; -ajampuni. transitive verb root 2. turn something or someone over or around, roll something or someone over. See: -ajapurnimaya; -ajiyarramigi; -mawula. pi-rri-p-ajapurni they turned him/it over. Wuta kakirijuwi pi-rri-p-ajiyarri api kiyi wuta-rringani yu-wun-t-ajapurni. The children were all lying on their stomachs so their father turned them over. Karri waya yinkitayi kapi jirraka api pi-ti-wuningi-y-ajapurn-ani kulinjila. When they were close to the wallaby they would turn the spear (to face it) . Category: Moving, Change of position or state. Category: Moving, Change of position or state.

japara -ajapurni   month to pass. Morph: japara ’moon’fe:+ verb with root:‑ajapurni ‘turn around’. Gram: ‘he’ as subject Lit: moon turns. Yita waya yati japarra yi-p-ajampurni karluwu nga-tu-ma-pu-rra-agi. After one month we shouldn't call them by their names (it's too soon). Category: Time.

-ajapurnimaya   Variant: –ajampurnimaya; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -ajapunimaya; -ajampunimaya. intransitive verb root 2. turn self around or turn over, turn part of self around (such as head); revolve, roll over. See: -ajapurni. pi-rri-p-ajapurnimaya they turned themselves around; they rolled over. Ngarra piyani yu-wuji-ngi-mi kiyi yi-p-ajapurnimaya. He was sleeping and then he rolled over. Ninkiyi, yi-p-ajampurnimaya, api yu-wunt-akurluwunyi kapi yinkitayi pi-ri-miringarra kapi ngatawa awuta ngarra-mantawi. Then he turned around and looked at those who were sitting close to him and his friends. Category: Body functions or actions, Change of position or state. Category: Body functions or actions, Change of position or state. Category: Body functions or actions, Change of position or state.

pungintaga -ajapurnimaya   turn mind to. Morph: pungintaga ‘head’ + verb with root:‑ajapurnimaya ‘turn self around’. Syn: yoni pungintaga -wunga. See: pungintaga kawunaga. Ngawa pungintaga a-wu-rra-y-ajapurnimaya ngini ngarra yi-p-angiraga ngawa-yuwuni. We should turn our minds to what our older brother said. Category: Talking or thinking.

-piyajapurnimaya   hit back, retaliate (when hit). Morph: ‑pi‑’trouble' +‑ajampurnimaya ’turn self over'. Lit: turn self over to trouble. Yati tini yipirni ngarra-mantani api ngarra arnuka yi-rri-piyajapurnimaya. One man hit is friend but he didn't hit him back. Ngiya arnuka ngi-ma-ta-piyajapurnimaya I wouldn't retaliate.

-ajarlinga   See main entry: –wijilarlinga. feminine verb root 3. rain lightly, sprinkle (with rain).

-aji-   See main entry: -waji-. incorporated form 3. only, just.

-aji-   See main entry: -wurti-. incorporated form 3. yam.

-ajigi   See main entry: -ajingi. intransitive verb root 2. be lame, be crippled, limp.

-ajikilarrapugi   See main entry: -kilarrapugi. transitive verb root 2. poke in eye, look in eye.

ajikim   Variant: askim. Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. free form verb. Gram: May have Auxiliary verb with root: -mi ask. Syn: -wayorri, nanginta -mi. See: -wankili; -akanki; -wamirigi; yartari; -majamiripungila; -majamiripungiligi. Category: Talking or thinking.

-ajilarlinga   See main entry: -wijilarlinga. feminine verb root 3. rain lightly, sprinkle (with rain).

-ajilarri   Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2. crack open. such as a log to get snake or possum out. See: -irtipi; -kipa; -puwuta; -majingipa. pi-ti-p-ajilarri they cracked it open. Ngawa nginti-p-ipiti kangi tingiwini kiyi nginti-p-akurluwunyi yilinga. Api kiyi nginti-p-ajilarri tingiwni. We looked into the log and saw a carpet snake. So we cracked open the log. Note: Photo by Jennifer Lee Category: Violence or impact, Cutting or breaking or tearing.

-ajilipiliga   transitive verb root 2. teach someone for a long time. Morph: aji‑+ li‑'long time' +‑piliga 'teach'. See: -ajipiliga, -piliga, -mingirripiliga, -mingirrajipiliga, -waluwa, -wayakirayi, -kirripiliga, -imungitiga -murripiliga; , tijimi fe Þ or lernim. Gram: The differences between these various roots and stems are not clear, without further study. ngirr-a-ngan-t-ajilipiliga-mini I've tried to teach you for a long time. Category: Talking or thinking, Social behaviour.

-ajiluma   See main entry: -ajuwurlima. Old Transitive verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. put or join together.

-ajimamaki   See main entry: -imamaki. transitive verb root 2. point at, select, pick out, accuse, judge.

-ajimamanki   See main entry: -imamaki. transitive verb root 2. point at, select, pick out, accuse, judge.

-ajimanguwu   intransitive verb stem 3. for water to lie around, be on ground. as in puddles from tide or broken pipe. Morph: ‑aji‑+‑manguwu ’water is there'. Ques: The meaning of aji- here is not clear or the difference in meaning between -manguwu and -ajimanguwu. See: -piyajimanguwu; -akaluwangi; -mangupiyawuriji; -akupunarligi. a-p-aji-manguwu the water is lying around. Tani ngajiti ngini a-mpi-rr-ajimanguwu kutawu murrakupupuni. Well the water shouldn't be all over the land. Category: Environment, Water, Land or ground.

-ajimantirrigi   See main entry: -ajimwantirrigi. feminine verb stem 2. take or pull something out of a container.

-ajimingitiga   See main entry: -imungitiga. transitive verb root 2. broadcast, tell others, gossip, tell or teach laws.

-ajimontirrigi   See main entry: -ajimwantirrigi. feminine verb stem 2. take or pull something out of a container.

-ajimungitiga   See main entry: -imungitiga. transitive verb root 2. broadcast, tell others, gossip, tell or teach laws.

-ajimwantirrigi   Variant: -ajimantirrigi; -ajimontirrrigi. feminine verb stem 2. take or pull something out of a container. Gram: This is possibly one of a number of verbs, which, as well as the base form, have variant forms with the prefixes aji- and wurti-. However, tI have not come across any examples of a base form (fv:-mwantirrigi) used alone or a wurti- form. See: -igi; -ungwagi; tikimati. Ngajiti ngimp-a-ja-y-ajimantirrigi pili ngwiyi ji-ngin-ta-y-amurlanga ngini ngiya yinkiti a-timuji-rr-alamiya. Don't take things out because you might steal my things which are in it. Ninkiyi, ngini pupuni yinkiti pi-ti-ri-ki-y-ajimontirrigi. Kangi wangatunga pi-ti-ri-ki-y-ajimontirrigi, api awarra yinkiti jilikari pi-ri-ki-kirimi kangi ngarra kirijini yu-wunji-ki-y-angi-mil-ani. Then they took good things out. From their bags they took out these things, which they piled up where the baby was lying. [Old Tiwi Matthew 2:11] Category: Holding or transfer.

-ajingala   See main entry: -ajingarla. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. walk or go to and fro, go back and forth.

-ajingarla   Variant: -ajingala. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. walk or go to and fro, go back and forth. Gram: May have -ajirri 'each other' See: jarrumwani; -angurlimayi. pi-ti-p-ajingarla they walked (to and fro). Ngarra yi-p-ajingarla kularlaga yinkiti. He went to and fro looking for food. Awinyirrawanga mutika ampi-ji-rr-angala. That same one car is going back and forth. Ngiya ngwiyi awinyirra namuli ngimp-ajapurni pili nginja ngwiyi nyiti-nu-wuji-rr-ajingala. Ngamparrimani yimpangini a-wuji-ngi-maji-ngi-mangu-rr-upurunga. I'll turn the cup over otherwise you'll keep coming back. Maybe you'll think it is standing there with some water (or tea?) in it. Category: Moving. Category: Moving.

-marruwayajingarla   spread word, spread rumours, go around gossiping. Morph: ma(rri)‑’with' +‑wa‑’words, talk' +‑ajingarla ’go to and fro'.

-ajingi   Usage: Old Tiwi. Variant: -ajigi. intransitive verb root 2. to be lame, be crippled, to limp. not used of people who cannot walk at all. Syn: -majakojigi. See: -pula; jingamara -angurlimayi; -majirruningi-. pi-rri-p-ajingi they limped. Ngarra yi-p-awuligi kuluwuni api yi-p-ajingi. He fell over on the ground and so he limped. Note: Picture from 'Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary' Category: Describing people or animals, Body functions or actions, Sickness or injury and healing.

-ajipiliga   transitive verb root 2. teach someone. Syn: -piliga, -mingirripiliga, -mingirrajipiliga, -waluwa, -wayakirayi, tijimi fe Þ or lernim fe: -mi. Gram: The differences between these various roots and stems are not clear, without further study. See: -ajilipiliga; -kirripiliga; -imungitiga; -murripiliga. Ta-y-ajipiliga Teach him! Awinyirra jarrikali pi-ni-p-akuluwunyi. Waya pi-ni-ri-majingipa. Waya pi-ni-ri-maji-pi-y-angininyimi. Awungarra kangi a-wunu-wuji-rr-ajipiliga, awungarra kakirijuwi wu-ri-ki-rr-akuluwunyi karri a-wuji-ngi-pu-makanya. They saw the Wattle tree. They cut it down and then trimmed it off completely. Here where he was teaching them the children watched him cutting it. Note: Photo from Jennifer Lee Category: Talking or thinking, Social behaviour.

ajipitili   Variant: aspital. Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. noun. hospital, clinic. See: kirliniki. Category: Introduced items, Buildings.

-ajirri   verb suffix. each other, one another. Gram: It indicates reciprocal action and may occur on a number of different sorts of words as well as verbs. See: -pirri. Pirika amintiya Japarra wuta karluwu pi-rri-j-akurluwuny-ajirri yiloti. Pirika and Japarra didn't see each other forever. Wuta ji-p-arimwi-y-anyuwa yinkitay-ajirri. They live close to each other. Their houses are close to each other. Ngirramini wu-p-amungul-ajirri They make trouble for each other.

-ajirrigi   intransitive verb root 2. Gram: + indirect object prefix bow down to. See: -ajiyarri; -ingilima. "Ngini nginja nyimpu-ngi-rr-ajirrigi kangi ngiya, amintiya ngini ngiya nyimpu-ngini-mamula alawura, api ngwiyi ngu-minji-rr-akirayi nginingaji ngatawa murrakupupuni a-pungi-mi," yimi awarra mapurtiti kangi ngawa-yuwuni. "If you bow down to me and call me boss, I will give you the whole world," said the devil to Our Older Brother. Category: Moving, Change of position or state, Position, Social behaviour, Christian religion.

-ajirringi-   incorporated form 2. 1 • crawl, stealth. See: -marnuwa. See: -marnuwa.

-majajirringi-   sneak up, with stealth, timidly. Morph: ‑ma‑’with' +‑ajirringi ’stealth'. Ngawatawu ninganiwanga ngump-ati-pa-y-ajirringi-rr-amurrumi. Pili ngawatuwu waya ngump-ati-ri-wanga naki yati ngini yi-p-angirninyimi wuta murrintawi ngini yingarti nga-wi-j-amurrum-ami. We all still work timidly because we are afraid that one of those white men will come and (make us) do a lot of work.

2 • very old. Ngarra Mijuwujila pirrimarti ji-mi-rr-ajirringi-rr-arawami, karri ngarra 969 pakitiringa yimuwu. Methusaleh died when he was a very old man of 969 years old.

-ajirupwaga   Variant: -ajurupwaga. transitive verb root 2. Gram: Old Tiwi: + direct object prefix laugh or smile (at or with) someone. Syn: -marrimirnturrumwanga. See: wulinjini; pwakayini; tokwayini; -ikirrawulari. pi-rri-p-ajirupwaga they laughed at him. Nginta wanga wulinjini ta-wunga, amintiya ngawatuwu awunganuwanga ngimpu-nginj-ajirupwaga. Smile and we will also smile at you. Kiyi nginti-p-ajurupwaga "Awungana ngama?" ngintirimi. Then we laughed at her, "What happened?" we said. Note: Photo used with permission Category: Talking or thinking, Body functions or actions, Social behaviour.

-ajiruwarntigi   intransitive verb root 2. respect someone, regard as precious, have high regard for someone, regard as important. Syn: -orlipirri, -mingirrimanguga. See: -arlikiri, -kiri, -piyorugi, -wiliyawarntiyarri, -pungintayi; arruwulupini, yiliruwarni. Karluwu nga-t-ajiruwarntig-ajirri. We don't respect each other. Category: Talking or thinking, Social behaviour.

-ajiwura   See main entry: -ajuwura. intransitive verb root 2. be on something; lie around or be lying around.

-ajiyanganja   See main entry: -wurtiyanganja. transitive verb root 3. prevaricate, tell someone you will do something then don't do it.

-ajiyangirri   intransitive verb stem 2. Gram: + Indirect object prefix force (food) down, force someone to do something, shoo away. Morph: ‑aji‑(?) +‑angirri ’send'. See: -wurtiyangirri; -wurturumagi. Ngawatuwu awarra ngimp-anti-rra-timarti yingampa ngini nginti-ma-ta-kirimi tayikuwanga nginingaji parlingarri pu-pu-ngu-mu-wapa karluwu pili nyirratuwu ampi-ngupu-rr-ajiyangirri nganginyitawa ngimp-ati-wini nginingaji ngawila. Some of us like that (old custom of marrying lots of wives) which would mean we would have a lot of wives like they used to live long ago but we can't because she (modern society) forces her (law) on us and all of us everywhere keep it. Ngarratuwu ngawa-yuwuni, karri jiyi-pirtangaya ngarra-mamanta ngini wuta pirri-p-angiraga ngini pi-ripu-kirlimirri awuta kapi pi-ni-wa-ri-ma-rr-uriyi kakirijuwi, api awungarri yu-wuntiyarra ngarra-mamanta, yimi ngini, "Waya ngajuwanga wu-rru-wari-pa kakirijuwi," yimi. "Ngajiti ngimp-a-wun-t-ajiyangirri," yimi ngawa-rringani. When our older brother heard his friends reprimanding those who brought children to him, he said to his friends, "It doesn't matter, let the children come. Don't shoo them to away," said our older brother. Category: Violence or impact, Holding or transfer.

-ajiyarimunga   intransitive verb root 2. change one's ways, change behaviour. Morph: aji‑+‑arimunga 'shift camp'. Ngajiti nyimp-a-j-ajiy-arimunga. Don't change your ways. Category: Talking or thinking, Change of position or state, Social behaviour.

-ajiyarramigi   transitive verb root 2. cause something to be hunched over, turn something upside down. Morph: ‑ajiyarri ’be hunched over' +‑amigi ’cause'. Syn: -wurtupuwamigi. See: -ajapurni. pi-rri-p-ajiyarramigi they turned it/him over. Karri ngiya ngirri-p-ipaya pikaringini ngirri-p-ajiyarramigi jurra. When I finished with the paper I turned it upside down. Ngarra ji-p-ajiyarramigi jarrikarlani. He turned the turtle over on its back. Note: Photo by Jennifer Lee Category: Holding or transfer, Change of position or state.

-ajiyarri   intransitive verb root 2. be hunched over, be crouched over, lie on stomach (with back turned up); bow down to. can refer to things like crabs, houses, old people sitting hunched over. See: -murarrijipa; -ajirrigi. pi-rri-p-ajiyarri they were hunched over. Karri nyirra jana api amp-ajiyarri, awinyirra wulikimaka. When she is sick the old woman sits hunched over. Naki arringatini a-wuji-rr-ajiyarri. This little baby is lying on his stomach. Note: Photo by Jennifer Lee Category: Being, Body functions or actions, Position.

-ajiyipulipagi   transitive verb stem 2. impede someone or something's progress, block the way, hinder or intercept someone. Syn: -apulipagi, -majakilamira. See: -apwiya; -anyuwuluga; -pwanjigi; -palirri; -majipuwu; -urligi; -kaga. Tajiyipulipagi nganginayi. Ngiyatuwu ngu-mint-angirraga nganginyitawa mutika. Intercept her. I want to borrow her car. Category: Violence or impact.

-ajiyuwurnikaja   See main entry: -uwurnikaja. intransitive verb root 2. lean against (something).

-ajuluma   See main entry: -ajuwurlima. Old Transitive verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. put or join together.

-ajumangilipi-   incorporated form 2. bush honey. See: yingwati; jamulanjini; tawurati; jalingini; jipiyinkimi; kitirrala; mawungunya; ngartankula; payawankula yinjuparrura; yoyinkimi; yuwurama. Nga-ri-ma-j-ajumangilipi-y-akupawurli japuja yingwati. We take the bush honey home.

-ajumwanji-   incorporated form 2. intestines, innards. See: matukwamini; yila; yimata; wiyika; alingiji. Wiyika pi-ti-p-ajumwanji-r-ig-ani. they would pull out the intestines. Note: Photo by Jennifer Lee Category: Body parts and products.

-ajurungwarri   See main entry: -urungwarri. transitive verb root 2. greet someone, say 'hello'.

-ajurupwaga   See main entry: -ajirupwaga. transitive verb root 2. laugh or smile (at or with) someone.

ajuwanga   See main entry: ngajuwanga. particle. even though, on the other hand, nevertheless.

-ajuwi-   incorporated form 2. baby. See: -angi-; -anuwunji-; ajajawu; tuwulingata; kalanjimini; kalanjiminga; arringata; arringatini; arringatinga jarrikarlaninga; wangatunga; numwariyaka; minkilati; minkilatinga. a-p-ajuwi-y-alamiya. The baby (I'm carrying) is inside me.

-ajuwujirri   See main entry: -ajuwurtirri. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. hide something.

-ajuwulima   See main entry: -ajuwurlima. Old Transitive verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. put or join together.

-ajuwura   Variant: -ajiwura. intransitive verb root 2. be on something; lie around or be lying around. normally on ground, of smallish objects, not in pile; Gram: Normally not in plural form. See: -akupurunga; -akupuringiti; akupuringitigi; -atingirrawura; -amukuri; -wungirlijingiga; -ajiyarri -majirripi; -mili; -wungirliji; ngirraripara; nyirrariparri; -matingiripirtimi. Yirrukurruka a-p-ajuwura kangi yakuluwuni. A small piece (of rubbish) is lying on the ground. Ngiya pakinya ngi-rri-p-amurrumi kapi a-p-ajuwura kuwinawini kiyi nyitawatuwu ji-min-ija-kiringirri. I worked at the bank (Lit: where the money lies) first and then she in turn took over my job. Category: Position.

-ajuwurlima   Variant: –ajuwulima; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -ajiluma; -ajuluma. Old Tiwi: transitive verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. put or join together; to mix (different types of things), marry people. See: -piyajingimayi. pi-rri-p-ajuwurlima they mixed/put different things together. Karri ngawa nga-p-awumi kanijawa api nga-p-ajuwurlima kukuni. When we cook flour we mix the water into it. Category: Change of position or state, Holding or transfer, Social behaviour. Category: Change of position or state, Holding or transfer, Social behaviour. Category: Change of position or state, Holding or transfer, Social behaviour.

-arumwiyajuwurlima   live together, as a household or family. Morph: ‑arimwi‑’camp' +‑ajuwurlima ’join'. nginja-ngirimipi kapi nuwa japuja ngimp-arimwi-y-ajuwurlima. your family members who live in your house. Category: Being.

yikara -ajuwurlima   for someone to marry people, perform a marriage ceremony. Morph: yikara ‘hand’ + verb with root:‑ajuwurlima ‘join’. Gram: + direct object prefix (for the ones marrying) Yingwampa wuta yikara a-wunt-ajuwurlima awarra ngini jurra a-ri-kirimi. The priest marries some people. Lit: the one who makes church joins their hands.

-ajuwurtirri   Variant: -ajuwutirri; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -ajuwujirri. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. hide something. for ‘hide self’ add -amiya. Syn: -wutimi. pi-rri-p-ajuwurtirri they hid it. Ngarra yi-p-ajuwurtirri yinkiti pili mitaya yimi. He hid the food because he had stolen it. Nyirratuwu nyirra-mwarti jiyi-ma-rr-uriyi kapi makatinga ji-p-ajuwujirri kapi wurrumpuwuni. Ji-p-alangumi kapi wulirrika. She took her son to the river and hid him in the reeds. She had put him in a large dish. Wuta pi-ri-pitangaya ngimini arikutumurnuwi nimarra wuji-ngi-mi, api pirri-p-ajuwurtirr-amiya kapi tayikuwani yintarini apiti. They heard some people talking so they hid themselves behind some bushes. Category: Change of position or state.

-ajuwutirri   See main entry: -ajuwurtirri. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. hide something.

-aka   clitic. EMPHATIC. Gram: can occur on different parts of speech, but from the examples it is not clear what it means - probably a discourse level clitic; possibly the same as -iyaka warntawangaka It's really true! Morph: warnta ’true' + wanga ’really' +‑aka ’EMPHATIC’?. Ngarra awarra paruwan-aka. That one's hungry. Category: Particles or conjunctions or clitics.

-akaliwangi   See main entry: -akaluwangi. transitive verb root 2. for water to cover ground.

-akaluwangi   Variant: -akaliwangi. transitive verb root 2. for water to cover ground, for tide to reach; to flood; to soak. Gram: only in 3rd singular form See: -mangupiyawuriji; -manguwu; -artigi; -piyajimanguwu. Yingarti pakitiringa api yi-p-akaluwangi kuluwuni. There was lots of rain so it flooded the ground. Kiyijini mwarliki yu-wuji-ngi-m-ani api yi-p-akaluwangi kiyi yilumpwarni yimarruriyi. The little boy was swimming and the tide came in and took him away. yi-pi-rr-akaluwangi the water came over the land. "Ngiya ngwiyi ngu-wuni-muki-angirri pakitiringa ngini a-ma-nti-rr-akaluwangi," yimi. "I will later send a lot of rain so that it will flood the earth," he said. Note: Photo by Piyato - http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/images/view photog.php?photogid=2736 Category: Water, Change of position or state.

-akanki   transitive verb root 2. pick on someone, ask someone to do something they can't do. because maybe they are too weak or small and so being mean to that person. See: -imamaki. pi-rri-p-akanki they asked someone to do something (who didn't know how to). Pilikama nyi-rri-p-akanki? Why did you ask him who isn't able to do it? Category: Violence or impact, Talking or thinking, Social behaviour.

-akapuranji   See main entry: -akupuraji. intransitive verb root 2. fall over, fall from height.

-aki-   incorporated form 2. together, group. See: -miki-; tumuji-; -akunji-; -majingurrari-. Nankitaga ningani nga-watu-wunji-rr-aki-rr-apijingi kwiyi tawunuli. We'll meet here together in the town hall this morning.

-akijawu   feminine verb root 2. dance (with arms outstretched). male dancer. See: -kitirropurtayi; -kitirruninki; yoyi; kirama; waruma; kiyawu. piti-p-akijawu they (men) danced with arms outstretched (one up and one down). ampi-yi-ma-j-akijaw-ami he is about to do that dance with her (she is doing a separate dance). Note: Picture by artist at Murripurtiyanuwu Catholic School Category: Moving, Change of position or state, Ceremonies.

-akiji-   incorporated form 2. house, boat, plane, car. See: -akili-; -i-; -ingikili-; -ma-; -minti-; -ili-; kurrampali; kapala; mutika; wurra. Wutatuwu warta pi-ri-muwu awuta arikutumurnuwi, ngarratuwu yi-ma-ji-rr-akij-iti. The people sat on the land, while he stood in a boat. Ngawa-mamanta ratiwati wu-ri-ma-j-i-rr-akij-iti karrampi. Our friends live far away on an island. Lit: our friends they (are) on a far away island (which) stands with houses.. Awungarruwu ngu-wuni-min-j-akiji-y-awurinjigi I'll put you into/onto a plane, boat or car.

-akijiti   intransitive verb root 2. float. Syn: -akuwuluwarrigi. See: -piyinti; -wupira; -majingipira. pi-rri-p-akijiti they floated. Karri mwarliki ngurru-wuji-ngi-m-ani api ngirri-p-akuluwunyi jimukuka amp-akijiti api amparrimani awarra yirrikipayi. When I was swimming I saw some driftwood floating by and thought it was a crocodile. Nuwa kapi papurungantuwi nyi-rra-majirripi-jarra amintiya kularlaga nyi-rra-mi, pili ngini kirijini ngini apalamiya yilaruwu amukuta kirijinga amp-akijiti yilaruwu. You who are pregnant sometimes lie down and sometimes walk around so that the little boy or girl inside you will float properly. Note: Photo by Joy Naden Category: Moving, Change of position or state, Water.

-akilarruwa   See main entry: -akirlarruwa. intransitive verb root 2. for someone or something to smell or stink.

-akili-   incorporated form 2. boat, car. See: -akiji-; -i-; -ingikili-; -minti-; kapala; mutika. Wutatuwu pakumwara ampi-ripi-rr-akili-y-iti. It (car or boat) is theirs alone. Lit: The boat or car stands for them alone..

-akili-   See main entry: -akirli-. incorporated form 2. eye, look.

-akilimigi   See main entry: -akilimugi. intransitive verb root 2. sneak up.

-akilimugi   Variant: -akilimigi; -akirlimigi. intransitive verb root 2. sneak or creep up. Syn: -apirnagi. See: -majajirringi-; jurraga. Japinawamini ngi-nti-wungilipangi-rr-akilimugi. At night we sneaked up while they were asleep. yi-mint-akilimigi he went and didn't let me know (he sneaked away from me). Note: Picture by artist at Murripurtiyanuwu Catholic School Category: Moving. Category: Moving.

punyipunyi or pungintaga -akilimugi   for brain not to work; to be brainless. Morph: punyipunyi ‘brain’ or pungintaga ’head’ + verb with root:‑akilimugi ‘sneak up’. Gram: yi- 'he(PAST)' or a- 'he(NON-PAST)' (punyipunyi) as subject prefix Syn: -umwari punyipunyi, -amulijipa punyipunyi, karluwu punyipunyi -alamiya; Ant: pupuni fe Þ or yingarti punyipunyi -wuni. Ngiya waya pungintaga yi-min-t-akilimugi. My brain has stopped working.

-akilinga   intransitive verb root 2. climb, be up on something (like wall). Syn: -awulari, -akilingura. See: -apurti. pi-rri-p-akilinga they climbed up. Ngiya-rringani yi-p-akilinga taka kiyi yu-wunyayi wuninga. My father climbed a tree and found a possum. [MCS Book 219 p1] Note: Picture by artist at Murripurtiyanuwu Catholic School Category: Moving, Change of position or state, Hunting or fishing.

-akilingamugi   See main entry: -akilingimugi. transitive verb root 2. 1 • hang up something.

2 • give daughters (for marriage).

-akilingimugi₁   Variant: -akilingamugi. transitive verb root 2. hang up something, put up high. Morph: ‑akilinga ’climb' +‑amugi ’cause'. Syn: -akilinguramugi. See: -marriwanka, -marriwankamigi, -amatilayi, -majakilingimugi, -wayakilingamugi; jilatari. pi-rri-p-akilingimugi they hung something up. Ngiya ngump-akilingimugi wulijinga api wuta kakirijuwi karluwu wunga. I hang the billycan up so the children can't get it. Yingompa wawirruwi pi-ri-kirimi kurrampali, api purruwunyawu natinga kartirrikani, pili pirr-a-ri-mi ngamparrimani jiringa. Wangini ngarra yoni ji-p-ungipu-nga awinyirra kartirrikani, ji-p-akilingimugi, pili papurli yi-kirimi kapi ngangatawa kurrampali ngangi a-yi-kirim-ami. Some men built a house and threw out a piece of timber, which they thought was no good. But another man chose that piece of timber and put it up to make a horizontal beam in the house he was starting to build. [Old Tiwi Mark 12:10] Note: Photo by Marie Godfrey Category: Holding or transfer, Change of position or state.

-akilingimugi₂   Variant: -akilingamugi. transitive verb root 2. give daughters (for marriage). See: -wuningurumijarra; -wuningiyapukurruma. Ngiyatuwu pi-ma-nginta-y-akilingumugi. They should give me their daughters. Category: Kinship, Holding or transfer.

-akilingura   intransitive verb root 2. go up, rise, climb (as a hill). Gram: I am not sure if this can be used to mean 'climb a tree'. See: -apurti; -amarnipa; -akilinga; -awulari. pi-rri-p-akilingura they went up. Marri yi-p-akilingura warta kapi ngarra-mamirampi. He went up to the bush to see his children. Nyirra yiminga ampi-ni-wati-p-akilingura japinari. The sun comes up in the morning. Api karri yi-p-upujinga-paya ngawa-rringani, api awarra yirrakunga yi-p-akilingura. api karri yirrakunga yi-p-akilingura, api Peter wuta ngarra-mamanta piti-p-ingira, api pirimi ngini, "Ngarra waya wangata a-wuji-ngi-muwu ngawa-yuwuni. Awuta Moses wuta Elijah waya pirri-p-akupawurli," pirimi. So when our father finished speaking a cloud came up. And when that cloud came up, Peter and his friends saw him they said, "Our older brother is now alone. Moses and Elijah has gone back now." Category: Moving.

-akilinguramugi   transitive verb root 2. put up high, cause to rise, raise something, raise the price. Syn: -akilingimugi. See: -marriwanka, -marriwankamigi, -amatilayi, -majakilingimugi, -wayakilingamugi; jilatari. Ninkiyi, yi-mangi-rr-akilinguramugi kuriyuwu kiyija kukuni, api awarra yi-pungi-kirimi yirrakunga. Then he caused a little bit of water to go up so then he made the clouds. Kiyi yu-wa-j-akilinguramugi muwuninkini ngini nga-wunga. Then he tried to raise the price of the food which we get. Category: Holding or transfer, Change of position or state.

-akina   See main entry: -akinya. transitive verb root 2. steal from.

-akinapugi   transitive verb root 2. stir or shake (something); to twist round and round; to turn long object round and round in hand; to wave something (such as flag). See: -mawula; -piyakinapugi; -wuntipagi; -piyanguwa; -kirimukitiya; -piyawutila; -mumuni; wurruwurri -kilipi; -akitimurna. pi-rri-p-akinapugi they stirred or waved it. Pakinya ta-y-akinapugi awarra mirrijini kangi mintini. First shake the medicine in the bottle. Karri ngawa makatingari nga-ri-mi api nga-p-akinapugi wiyini. When we smoke ourselves we wave leaves around. Category: Holding or transfer. Category: Holding or transfer. Category: Holding or transfer.

ngirramini -akinapugi   speak violently to someone. Morph: ngirramini ‘trouble’ + verb with root:‑akinapugi ‘shake’. Lit: to shake trouble or words (at someone). Gram: Old Tiwi: + direct object Kama nginja ngirramini ngimpu-nguwun-t-i-y-akinapugi Why do you speak violently to us? Ques: not sure what the -i- means

-piyakinapugi   stir something ( e.g. food). Morph: ‑pi‑’long thing’ +‑akinapugi ’shake'.

-akiningi-   See main entry: -akirningi-.

-akinya   Variant: -ankinya; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -akina. transitive verb root 2. Gram: direct object prefix - person stolen from steal from. Syn: -amurlanga, mitaya or mukwarra -mi. Pi-rri-min-t-akinya kunawini amintiya yinkiti kapi ngilawa japuja. They stole my money and food from my place. Wutilatuwu purr-uriy-ani, pi-ni-ri-warr-ani awungarruwu kitawu pi-ni-wun-t-akinya-mini jarrikalaninga. They in turn would go and fight over there and steal women from them. Category: Holding or transfer, Social behaviour.

-akirarriji   Variant: -ankirarriji; -akirarrinji; -ankirarrinji. intransitive verb root 2. go along, set out. like -wuja. Gram: + wuja- - 'be about to go or in process of going'; + Directional prefix - 'come along' See: -ukularri; -amarnipagi. pi-rri-p-akirarriji they set out. Waya ngi-yi-ki-y-akirarriji. I am about to set out in the evening. Category: Moving.

-akirayawurli   transitive verb root 2. return or give back something, repay, payback money etc. Morph: ‑akirayi ’give' +‑awurli ’approach'. Syn: -wurtinyawu. See: kirimili; -arntirra-; -wayajarrimi. Karri nuwa borrow ngimpi-ri-mi kunawini nuwa-mamanta, api yartipili nyi-rr-akiray-awarli awarra. When you borrow money from your friends pay it back quickly. Ngini nyimpu-wunt-akiray-anyimi awarra kuwinawini, api nginja ngwiyi muwa-rringani a-ri-marruriyi kapi ngatawa japuja, api nginja ngwiyi awungarruwu a-wuni-minja-y-akiray-awurli nginingaji ngatawa a-ri-mi yinkiti ngini pupuni. If you give them all your money our father (God) will take you to his home and there he will repay you with everything that is good. Category: Holding or transfer, Social behaviour.

-akirayi   transitive verb root 2. give. Gram: Old Tiwi: direct object is the receiver; Modern Tiwi - may have no direct object prefix Syn: -iluwa, ani2 -mi. See: -wayakirayi. pi-rri-p-akirayi they gave it to him. Nginingaji ngawula yi-muwun-t-akirayi ngawa yinkiti ngini ngawapa. He gave all of us food to eat. Category: Holding or transfer, Social behaviour. Category: Holding or transfer, Social behaviour. Category: Holding or transfer, Social behaviour. Category: Holding or transfer, Social behaviour.

ngirramini -akirayi   give someone trouble. Morph: + verb with root:‑akirayi ‘give’ + ngirramini ’trouble’. See: ngirramini.

jukwatanga -akirayi   turn away from; to turn one's back on. Morph: jukwatanga ’back’ + verb with root:‑akirayi. Lit: give one's back. See: jukwatanga; -ajapurni.

yikwanari -akirayi   get cranky or angry. Morph: yikwanari ’hot’ + verb with root:‑akirayi. See: -akiriwurlingigi; -ukirimirli; -ikirimitiyarri; jirti; jurrumumi; jurrumumanyimi yiminga; -kipiyawumi -kurupwarri; mirliga; mwamawamini; pitipita jirti; pwalapi.

-akiriwurlingigi   transitive verb root 2. be angry with someone (for not accompanying one as arranged). e.g.. to hunt or to ceremony. See: -ikirimirli; -ikirimitiyarri; jirti; jurrumumi; jurrumumanyimi; -kipiyawumi; -kurupwarri; mirliga mwamawamini; pitipita jirti; pwalapi; yikwanari. pi-rri-wun-t-akiriwurlingigi they were angry with them because they didn't accompany them. Category: Feeling, Social behaviour. Category: Feeling, Social behaviour.

-marrawurrakiriwurlingigi   be angry with someone for finishing up food or stealing one's food. Morph: ‑marrawurri‑’with stomach' +‑akiriwurlingigi ’be angry with'.

-akirlarruwa   Variant: -akurlarruwa; -akilarruwa; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -akularruwa. intransitive verb root 2. Gram: he' as subject for someone or something to smell or stink. as of food; May have jirti 'bad' with it. See: -wanti. yi-p-akirlarruwa it smelt. Api nga-wunga nga-p-amukurigi yirrukurruka yilaruwu kangi wulijinga, kiyi jurrumumi nga-ri-kirimi pili ngini karluwu yi-ma-ta-y-akularruwa. Well we put rubbish in the bin then burn it so that it doesn't smell. Category: Describing people or animals, Describing things, Physical qualities. Category: Describing people or animals, Describing things, Physical qualities.

pumpuni -akirlarruwa   smell good. Morph: pumpuni ’good’ + verb with root:‑akirlarruwa ‘smell’. Awinyirra tinga yi-mangi-rr-angumurtigi kangi ngarra pungintaga ngawa-yuwuni awarra ngini pupuni yi-p-akirlarruwa. That woman poured out a good smelling liquid (oil) on our older brother's head. Mark 14:4 - modified.

-akirli-   Variant: -akili-; -ankirli-; -ankili-. incorporated form 2. eye, look. Syn: -kili-. Ques: The forms -akirli- and -kili- were once probably the same form. Ques: I am not sure of this meaning or what the differences may be between the use of this form versus the other forms -kili and -apu- See: -apu-; -akurluwunyi; -akurlupuwunyi; -upuji; -apuji; -umani; -wiya; -ungira; -ipiti; -alimwanjigi; -imiya -wujirra; -kilurumi; -angurupunya; -anyiki; -kilarrapugi; lukim. ji-mi-ki-y-akirli-rr-akupurnali the sun went down while I was watching out for you.

-akirlimigi   See main entry: -akilimugi. intransitive verb root 2. sneak up.

-akirlirruwa   See main entry: -akirtirruwa. transitive verb root 2. carry on shoulders.

-akirlumurri   Variant: -akurlumurri. intransitive verb root 2. be tired. See: -awulirriti; -awurtirriti; janawurti. pi-rri-p-akirlumurri they were tired. Ngiya warntirrana ngirri-p-amurrumi kapi katini api waya ngu-wurti-y-akirlumurri. I worked hard in the garden and now I am tired because of it. Category: Body functions or actions, Describing people or animals.

-akirningi-   Variant: -akiningi-. incorporated form 2. light, fire, match. Syn: -kiningi-. Ques: It is possible that -akirningi and -kiningi were originally the same incorporated form. See: -irrakirningi-. Api yi-p-akiningi-murrupupa. Well he (God) was pleased with the light. Ninkiyi, yi-p-akurluwunyi awarra yikwani yi-nu-wuji-rr-ingila kapi turrunguni yi-nu-wuji-rr-akiningi-ja. Then he saw the fire moving along the clear ground, coming (towards him). Api yi-p-akiningi-murrupupa. Well he (God) was pleased with the light. Ninkiyi, yi-p-akurluwunyi awarra yikwani yi-nu-wuji-rr-ingila kapi turrunguni yi-nu-wuji-rr-akiningi-ja. Then he saw the fire moving along the clear ground, coming (towards him).

-majirrakirningi-   sun. Morph: maji‑’with' +‑akirningi‑’light'. ampi-ni-watu-wuji-ngi-ma-j-irrakirningi-y-angurlimay-ami She (sun) is beginning to move over there in the morning. Lit: she is starting to walk over there in the morning in a light..

-akirruwa   intransitive verb root 2. waste (something), drop on ground, kill off, pour out, throw away. Ques: -kirruwa and -akirruwa were probably originally the same root Syn: -akurrumunyi. See: -kirruwa; -wayakirruwa; -wunyawanyimi; -wapukinyimi; -wumpina; -pirni; -kirupurati; -upurati -marrartipiya; -wunyawu; -mangipinyawu; -angimurtigi; -irrangimurtigi. pi-rri-p-akirruwa they wasted it. Awinyirra tinga yi-mangi-rr-angumurtigi kangi ngarra pungintaga ngawa-yuwuni awarra ngini pupuni yi-p-akirlarruwa, api yingwampa pu-rru-wurtiyarra-jirri ngini, "Pilikama awarra yi-pa-mangi-rr-akirruwa?'' pirimi. That woman poured out a good smelling liquid (oil) on our older brother's head so some said to each other, "Why is she wasting that liquid?''. Ngajiti ngimp-a-j-akirruw-ajirri. Don't kill each other off. Category: Violence or impact, Holding or transfer. Category: Violence or impact, Holding or transfer.

-wayakirruwa   mispronounce. Morph: –wa‑’words’ +‑akirruwa ’waste’. Syn: -wakurruwa.

-akirtirruwa   Variant: -akurtirruwa; -akurturruwa; -akirlirruwa. transitive verb root 2. carry on shoulders, Modern Tiwi: to carry. Syn: -orlipirri, kapaka fe Þ or pwapuna -ma or -mi, . See: -amawini; papurli; karrimapi. pi-rri-p-akirtirruwa they carried him. Karri ngawa nga-ri-pirni jipwajirringa api awungarri ngamp-akirtirruwa awarra. When we kill wallaby we carry that wallaby on our shoulders. Anginayi miratinga angi arikulanga a-p-akirtirruwa arramukaminawurti nginingaji kanijawa purupunguluwurri, yiyawungarri. That big ship carries all sorts of things like flour, cars and whatever. Note: Picture from 'Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary' and Photo from ‘Expedition to the Land of the Tiwi’ by Charles Mountford; National Geographic March 1956 Category: Holding or transfer.

-akirupwa   See main entry: -akurupa. intransitive verb root 2. hold hand out.

-akitimunga   Usage: Fe:Archaic ( old Old Tiwi ). intransitive verb root 2. put into, insert. Syn: -alami, -alangimi. pi-rri-p-akitimunga they put it in. Category: Change of position or state.

-akitimurna   intransitive verb root 2. vibrate. See: -akinapugi. Category: Moving.

-akitiringa   intransitive verb root 2. throw something and hit someone or something with it, throw or knock something or someone to ground. Ques: Because of the changes in the language it has been difficult to determine the meanings of -akitiringa and -piyakitiringa. Some people do not seem to distinguish between them. some give meaning as 'throw to the ground'. See: -wayakitiringa, -pimagi, -piyakitiringa, -wunyawu, -parrigi, -payi, -wurtinyawu, -wungirlijiga -wunyawu, -majayi, -warri; -ingipiyonjingi-, wapimirra, miya, yurta, jakim. pi-rri-p-akitiringa they threw it (or deliberately knocked) it onto ground. Ngarra yi-p-akitiringa waranga amaripirni awarra pulangumwani. He threw a stone to hit the dog. Ngarra yi-p-akitiringa awarra pulangumwani mintini. He threw a bottle at the dog and hit it. Category: Violence or impact. Category: Violence or impact. Category: Violence or impact.

jipilaya -akitiringa   the rays of the sun shine. Morph: jipilaya ’rays’ + verb with root:‑akitiringa 'throw'. Gram: 'she' as subject See: -kara. Karri japinari jipilaya ampi-ni-p-akitiringa. The sun's rays shine over there in the morning.

yilaniga or yirrapumuni -akitiringa   perform or hold the yilaniga ceremonies. Morph: yilaniga or yirrapumuni 'a ceremony' + verb with root:‑akitiringa 'throw'. Syn: yilaniga -amirnangili. Karri ngimini tini ampi-nti-rr-arami api pakinya yilaniga ngamp-akitiringa. When someone dies first we hold the yilaniga ceremony..

-akitirrari   intransitive verb root 2. Gram: May have indirect object prefix think about something exclusively; to concentrate on something; to persist in doing something. Syn: -mungimi. See: -pungintayi; -pungintami; punyipunyi; minyawunga; jinkapati. Anti-rra-y-akitirrari ngini nyimp-amurrumi. Concentrate on your work. Ngini ampi-ri-mangu-wa-mwari pwajininga api mirrijini a-mi-mangu-wa-y-akitirrari ngarra ngwiyi awungarri pupuni arimi. If he leaves the drink and concentrates (on taking his) medicine he'll get well. Nginta yati nga-mirr-i-j-akitirrar-ami natinga. Nuwa wanga ngumpu-ngirr-i-j-akitirrar -ami anaki ngimpi-ri-mangapa pwajininga. There is one thing we are concentrating. Really it's you who are only thinking of this beer, which you drink. Ngajiti ngini nuwulamiya ngimpa-ja-y-akitirrar-amiya. Don't think only of yourselves. Category: Talking or thinking.

-akituwumi   Variant: -akutuwuni. intransitive verb root 2. Gram: Normally with piyani 'sleep' fall asleep, go to sleep. See: -majirripi, -mili, -wungirliji, -wungirrari, wungirlijiga, -wungirlijingiga, -wungirrangilamparra -wungirrorimi; -pi-, -wungi-, -wungilimpangi-; kirliminjini, kirliminjangini, piyani,. Ngiya ngirri-p-akutuwumi piyani I went to sleep. pi-ri-wulinji-rr-akituwumi they fell asleep thirsty. Wutatuwu piyani yi-ki-kilipi, amintiya pi-ri-ki-y-akutuwumi piyani. Their eyes kept blinking and they fell asleep. Category: Body functions or actions.

-akiyamama   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -kiyamama; -kiyama. intransitive verb root 2. be equal or the same (in size, height or length, age, importance); to be level, tie. in race or game. See: munguwuli. Nginja karluwu awinyirra nginti-p-akiyamama nginja-mantanga. You are not the same age/height as your friend. Karri ngawa nginti-ri-kuwuntirri api ngawiyati ngi-nti-p-akiyamama. When we competed we tied. ngi-nti-pungi-matimi-y-akiyamama we are the same age. Awarra wuta-tuwu a-pa-wa-y-akiyamama awarra ngini karluwu nga-ma-ta-y-ipujinga-nungitug-ajirri karluwu ngini nga-ma-ta-y-aparr-ajirri. That word is the same as theirs, meaning that we shouldn't talk at the same time as others and that we shouldn't be a nuisance to each other. Pili ningani api nginingaji kapi nyoni timani a-wutumujingi-mi ngawiyati ngintu-wuraparri, nga-ri-kiyama awarra ngirramini. Today we are like people from other places and are the same as them and are equal to them. Category: Being, Describing people or animals, Describing things, Physical qualities.

-akiyamamugi   transitive verb root 2. make level, even things out. as (God) paying back. Morph: ‑akiyamama ’be level' +‑amugi ’cause'. Category: Physical qualities.

-akuji-   See main entry: -akunji-. incorporated form 2. group of family members or one's children.

-akularligi   transitive verb root 2. 1 • cause to turn aside, divert someone, turn someone or something aside; to cause someone to change their mind. See: -mawula; -ajapurni. pirripakularligi they caused him to turn aside. Ngiya ngajiti ngimp-a-ngin-t-aji-y-akularligi waya kapi pungintaga a-ri-minagi. Don't try to change my mind from what I'm wanting to do. Lit: Don't try to turn me aside from where my head wants to go..

2 • tell lies about, blame or accuse someone, frame someone; to trick or deceive (by wrongfully accusing someone to someone else). See: -wurtimamaki; -wungwayi; tongwayi; -kiyarri; -kilikiyarri; -kunyani. Yi-min-t-akularligi ngini ngiya mitaya ngirimi yinkiti. He accused me falsely of stealing his food. Yingwampa purru-muwun-t-umamaki amintiya purru-muwun-t-akularligi. Some people accused us and told lies about us. Ngiya ngajiti ngimp-a-ngin-ta-y-akularligi, waya nguwuriyi. Don't try to change my mind. I'll go where I want to. Category: Talking or thinking, Social behaviour.

-akularlimpa   See main entry: -akularlipa. intransitive verb root 2. 1 • turn (aside).

2 • turn on someone (and kill them).

-akularlipa   Variant: -akularlimpa. intransitive verb root 2. 1 • turn (aside); to make a turn; to turn down (a road). Syn: -ajapurni, mawula. pi-rri-p-akularlipa they turned to right or left. Palinganyuwani ji-p-akularlipa kangi Wurankuwu pilimunga. She turned left down the Wurankuwu road. Nyirra ji-p-akularlipa kiyi ji-ni-p-akupawurli japuja. She turned back and came back home. Category: Moving.

2 • turn on someone (and kill them). Gram: Old Tiwi: + indirect object prefix See: -pirni. Ngarra wanima yi-p-ila api awarra ngarra pi-rri-mi-rra-kularlipa. He made trouble/was to blame so they turned on him and killed him. Category: Violence or impact.

-akularruwa   See main entry: -akirlarruwa. intransitive verb root 2. for someone or something to smell or stink.

-akuluwuni   See main entry: -akurluwunyi. transitive verb root 2. see, look at; to watch out for.

-akuluwunyi   See main entry: -akurluwunyi. transitive verb root 2. see, look at; to watch out for.

-akunji-   Variant: -akuji-. incorporated form 2. group of family members or one's children. Gram: I have only come across this with ma- 'with', as in majakunji- See: -tumuji-; -aki-; -miki-; -anyuwunji-; -majingurrari-. Ngarra yi-majakuju-ngu-riyi yingwampa jajingaruwi ngini pi-ma-ta-warri awuta Borola ngarra-ngirimipi. He took a group of his relatives and went towards the place ready to fight the relations of Borola. Parlingarri karri nginti-ri-ma-j-akuji-rr-angulimay-ani wurarripi api awungarra ngintu-wuripura-mini. Long ago when we used to travel on foot with the family well we used to leave from here.

-akupalini   See main entry: -akupwalini. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2. play instrument (by beating/plucking an instrument; does not make a tune).

-akuparigi   intransitive verb root 2. fall, sink, submerge. See: -akupunarli, -ungarti, -alangarti, -kingarti, tumpunari; julupi; -partingi-. A-ri-ki-y-akuparigi awungarruwu milawiyini It (sun) goes into sea over there. Category: Moving, Water.

-akupawuli   See main entry: -akupawurli. intransitive verb root 2. return, go back.

-akupawurlamigi   put back. Morph: ‑akupawurli 'go back' +‑amigi ’cause'. Karri ngawunga muranga api awungarri nga-p-akupawurl-amigi mantilumwani amintiya parruwarti ngampi-ri-kijika awarra yangamini. When we get yams we put back the vine and soil and fill in the hole. Category: Change of position or state.

-akupawurli   Variant: -akupawuli. intransitive verb root 2. 1 • return, go back. Syn: -amarlingama, -aparrijingima, -wurtingiliya. pi-rri-p-akupawurli they returned. Karri ngarra yi-p-ipaya kularlaga yima api japuja yi-p-akupawurli. When he finished hunting he returned home. Category: Moving. Category: Moving.

-majakupawurli   take back. Morph: ma‑’with' +‑akupawurli ’go back'. Syn: -majamalingama.

2 • come back, return. Gram: + wuni- or -uwa 'DIRECTION' affix Gram: + wuni- or -uwa 'DIRECTION' affix Gram: + wuni- or -uwa 'DIRECTION' affix

yimpanga -wunipakupawurli   come back to life. Morph: yimpanga 'alive' + verb with root:‑akupawurli ‘go back’ + ( direction prefix or suffix ).

-majakupawurli   Gram: + direction prefix or suffix bring back. Ngiya-rringani yi-ni-ri-majakupawurli ngiya-yuwuni awungarra. My father brought my older brother back here.

-akupunarli   intransitive verb root 2. dive; for someone to sink or drown. may be used of sun going down (over the sea). See: julupi; -akuparigi; -ungarti; -alangarti; -kingarti; -amirijuput; tumpunari; -partingi-. Naki kirijini a-wunji-rr-akupunarli kangi makatinga. This little boy is diving into the river. Yiminga ampi-wi-j-akupunarl-ami. The sun is setting. Lit: sun starting to sink. Note: Photo - WEATH095 - Disc - 27 500 Vector Clip art Category: Moving, Water.

-akupunarligi   transitive verb root 2. drown someone; to drench someone or something, as with bucket of water; flood something; to immerse something in water. Morph: ‑akupunarli ’drown' +‑igi ’cause'. See: -akaluwangi, -manguwu, -mangupiyawuriji, -alangartigi, -ungartigi, -artigi, -wuningiyartigi; tumpunari. pi-rri-p-akupunarligi they drowned him, they drenched him with water. Naki kirijini ji-p-akupunarligi awinyirra kirijinga. This little boy has drenched the little girl. Ngawa-rringani yi-p-angiraga kangi awarra Noah, yimi ngini 'Ngiya awarra warntirrana arnuka jarra ngu-ma-wun-ta-y-akupunarligi nginingaji wutawa arikutumurnuwi, yanamurluwi,' yimi. Our Father said to Noah 'I will never drown all the people and animals again.'. Category: Water, Change of position or state.

-akupuraji   Variant: -akupuranji; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -akapuranji. intransitive verb root 2. fall over, fall from height. Gram: + wunji- ’CONTINUOUS’, 'to fall while moving, as in climbing a tree' Syn: -awurligi, -alumi, pwapuwuwa -mi, potan -mi. See: -irranyukirruwa. pi-rri-p-akupuraji they fell down. Naki kirijini yi-p-akupuraji kangi purinjirringa. This little boy has fallen from the tree. Awarra Kurupurrani yipakupuranji kuluwuni. Kurupurrani fell to the ground. Note: Picture by Jennifer Lee Category: Moving, Change of position or state.

-akupuranji   See main entry: -akupuraji. intransitive verb root 2. fall over, fall from height.

-akupuringinti   Variant: -akupurungiti; -akupuringiti. intransitive verb root 2. fall down flat on ground, faint. Morph: ‑akupurunga ’lie flat' +‑inti ’stand'. Lit: lie flat (from) standing. See: -akupurunga; -akupuringitigi; -akupuraji; -awurligi; -ajuwura; -atingirrawura; -amukuri; -wungirlijingiga -ajiyarri; -majirripi; -mili; -wungirliji; ngirraripara; nyirrariparri; -matingiripirtimi; -irranyukirruwa. pi-rri-p-akupurunginti they fainted. Karri ju-wuji-rri-ngi-rr-it-ani kangi warnarringa api ji-p-akupurungiti. When she was standing in the sun she fainted. Category: Moving, Body functions or actions, Change of position or state. Category: Moving, Body functions or actions, Change of position or state.

-piyakupuringinti   be knocked unconscious, faint (and fall to ground). Morph: ‑pi‑’ground' +‑akupuringiti ’faint'. Category: Body functions or actions.

-akupuringintigi   Variant: -akupurunguntigi; -akupuringitigi. transitive verb root 2. lay something flat, lay something on its back; to open something out flat (as a book); expose something; reveal something. See: -akupurunga; -akupuringinti; -ajuwura; -atingirrawura; -amukuri; -wungirlijingiga; -ajiyarri; -majirripi -mili; -wungirliji; ngirraripara; nyirrariparri; -matingiripirtimi. Karri pi-ri-pirni jarrikarlani api pirri-p-akupuringintigi. When they killed the turtle they lay it on its back. Category: Position, Change of position or state. Category: Position, Change of position or state.

-wayakupurunguntigi   explain. Morph: ‑wa‑’words’ +‑akupurunguntigi ’reveal'. Syn: -wamwarri, -wapiyanginiga, -piyanginiga, -ortigi, turrunguni -warugi.

-akupuringiti   See main entry: -akupuringinti. intransitive verb root 2. fall down flat on ground, faint.

-akupuringitigi   See main entry: -akupuringintigi. transitive verb root 2. lay something flat.

-akupurunga   intransitive verb root 2. lie on back; to lie flat or be open (as a book); to have intercourse (only for a woman - not good to use). See: -akupuringinti; -akupuringitigi; -ajuwura; -atingirrawura; -amukuri; -wungirlijingiga; -ajiyarri; -majirripi -mili; -wungirliji; ngirraripara; nyirrariparri; -awupurra -matingiripirtimi; -kujurruwa; -kimili; -irrakirayi. pi-rri-p-akupurunga they lay on their backs. Awarra pulangumwani a-wunji-rr-akupurunga. The dog is lying on his back. Awarra jurra a-p-akupurunga kangi tayipuli. The book is open on the table. Waya awungani ampu-rr-akupurunga the door should stay open. ampu-pu-rr-akupurunga it is on the ground (plate, mintawunga, pukaringa, with "curled up" sides). Note: Photos by Jennifer Lee and Marie Godfrey Category: Position, Body functions or actions, Describing things, Social behaviour. Category: Position, Body functions or actions, Describing things, Social behaviour. Category: Position, Body functions or actions, Describing things, Social behaviour.

tuwulimiya -akupurunga   lie flat. Morph: verb with root:‑akupurunga ’lie on back' + tuwulimiya ’straight'. Ampu-rr-akupurunga tuwulimiya. It should lie flat.

awunipakupurunga   there's a new moon. Morph: a‑’he (NON PAST) + wuni‑’distance' + verb with root:‑akupurunga ’lie on back'.

-akupurungamigi   transitive verb root 2. cause to lie (on back). Morph: ‑akupurunga ’lie on back' +‑amigi ’cause'. See: -atingirrawura; -amukuri; -amukurigi; -wungirlijingiga. ngamp-akupurungamigi we cause it to lie on its back. Category: Change of position or state.

-akupurungiti   See main entry: -akupuringinti. intransitive verb root 2. fall down flat on ground, faint.

-akupurunguntigi   See main entry: -akupuringintigi. transitive verb root 2. lay something flat.

-akupwa   intransitive verb root 2. have a sharp object sticking in one (such as a sharp object in skin). See: -amilingirringa. amp-akupwa she has a (spear) sticking in her. Category: Position.

-akupwalini   Variant: -akupalini. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2. play instrument (by beating/plucking an instrument ;does not make a tune), beat (as drum). See: -anga. pi-ti-p-akupwalini they played (drum/clapping sticks/guitar etc.) Karri wuta yingwampa yoyi pirimi api yingwampa pi-ti-p-akupwalini tawutawunga. While some people danced others clapped clapping sticks. Category: Music.

-akuriji   intransitive verb root 2. put hand inside. See: -awurinji; -alami; -akitimunga. pi-rri-p-akuriji they put their hands inside something. Nyirra ji-p-akuriji yilaruwu kapi yangamini api yu-wunga yingwati. She put her hands inside the hole and got some bush honey. Note: Picture from 'Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary' and Photo from Tiwi Plants and Animals’ p131 Category: Body functions or actions. Category: Body functions or actions.

-marruwapungintirrakuriji   whisper in someone's ear. Morph: ‑wa‑’words’ +‑punginti ’ear' +‑akuriji ’put hand in'.

-akuringinti   See main entry: -akurunginti. intransitive verb root 2. arrive, stop moving, stand still.

-akuringunti   See main entry: -akurunginti. intransitive verb root 2. arrive, stop moving, stand still.

-akuringuti   See main entry: -akurunginti. intransitive verb root 2. arrive, stop moving, stand still.

-akuripa   See main entry: -akurupa. intransitive verb root 2. hold hand out.

-akurlarruwa   See main entry: -akirlarruwa. intransitive verb root 2. for someone or something to smell or stink.

-akurlupuwunyi   transitive verb root 2. see, look at. Syn: -akurluwunyi, -upuji, -apuji, -umani, -wiya, lukim -mi. See: -ungira; -ipiti; -alimwanjigi; -imiya; -wujirra; -kilurumi; -angurupunya; -anyiki; -kunjingira; -kilarrapugi -apu-; -akirli-; -kili-. pi-rri-p-akurlupuwunyi they saw it. Category: Senses, Body functions or actions.

-akurluwuni   See main entry: -akurluwunyi. transitive verb root 2. see, look at; to watch out for.

-akurluwunyi   Variant: -akurluwuni; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -akuluwunyi; -akuluwuni. transitive verb root 2. see, look at, to watch out for. Syn: -akurlupuwunyi, -upuji, -apuji, -umani, -wiya, lukim -mi. See: -ungira; -ipiti; -alimwanjigi; -imiya; -wujirra; -kilurumi; -angurupunya; -anyiki; -kunjingira; -kilarrapugi -apu-; -akirli-; -kili-. pi-rri-p-akurluwunyi they looked at him. Awuta yuwuarrara jajingaruwi purru-wuriyi kularlaga kiyi pi-rri-p-akuluwunyi anjorra. The two men went hunting and saw a big male wallaby. Nyi-rr-akurluwunyi pili kuta awuta kompi wu-nu-wuja. Watch out because those enemies are coming. Category: Body functions or actions, Senses. Category: Body functions or actions, Senses. Category: Body functions or actions, Senses. Category: Body functions or actions, Senses. Category: Body functions or actions, Senses.

kirliriga -akurluwunyi   stare at. Morph: kirliriga ’stare’ + verb with root:‑akurluwunyi ‘see’. Syn: kirliriga –wujirra. Ngajiti kiliriga nyimp-a-nguwun-ta-y-akurluwunyi. Don't stare at us.

makirrana -akuluwunyi kangi [pronoun] yirrikilingingapa   Usage: Modern Tiwi. look straight at. Morph: makirrana strongly’ + verb with root:‑akuluwunyi ‘look’ + kangi ‘at’ + pronoun + yirrikilingingapa 'face'.

-akurluwunyi kurruwara -ma   look back. Morph: verb with root:‑akurluwunyi ’see’ + kurruwara ’back’ + verb with root:‑ma ’become’.

-wayakurluwunyi   understand or know words or story etc. Morph: ‑wa‑’words’ +‑akurluwunyi ’see'. wuta waya pi-ri-wayakurluwunyi they heard/understood that story. Note: Picture by Judy Knowles, SIL artist Category: Talking or thinking.

-akurrumunyi   transitive verb root 2. use up, waste. Syn: -akirruwa. See: -kirruwa; -wunyawanyimi; -wapukinyimi; -wumpina; kirriki; kajarruki. pi-rri-p-akurrumunyi they used it all up. Yita nyimp-akurrumunyi kagi pwajininga. But you waste (the money) on beer. Category: Holding or transfer.

-akurtirruwa   See main entry: -akirtirruwa. transitive verb root 2. carry on shoulders.

-akurturruwa   See main entry: -akirtirruwa. transitive verb root 2. carry on shoulders.

-akurunginti   Variant: -akuringunti; -akurunguti; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -akuruwuti. intransitive verb root 2. arrive, stop moving, stand still. See: -angirninyimi; -inti; -angarruligi; -amunyirri; papi. Ningani nyirra ngiya-naringa ji-p-akurungunti. Nyirra jiyimuwu Jiliyarti. Today my mother arrived. She had been living in Darwin. Yikwani kulamari yimi api ngarra kalikali yu-wa-ri-mi api karluwu. Ninkiyi, yi-p-akurunguti, api yimi kangatamiya, Karrawungana ngimataama, yimi. The fire was everywhere so he tried to run away but couldn't. Then he stood still and said to himself, "I can't do anything." Awinyirra pulangumwaka ji-p-akurungunti amintiya ji-mirr-arawumi. The dog just stood there and died. Awinyirra mutika ju-wu-j-akurungut-am-ani api awungarri kutupi ngiri-mi ngiyatuwu. The car was starting to stop then I jumped out. Ngajiti nu-wa-j-akuruwuti karri nuwa waya kuruyuwu kapi jupunyini. Don't stop until you are up in the mountains. Category: Position, Moving. Category: Position, Moving.

milampwara kangi apakurunguti   heel. Lit: where the foot arrives.

-akurupa   Variant: -akurupwa; -akuripa; -akirupwa. intransitive verb root 2. Gram: May have indirect object hold hand out (to ask for something or in greeting or farewell); to greet or welcome someone. See: -kirawupurra; -kuruwuntipagi; -urungwarri; -kuruwarni. pi-rri-p-akurupa they held out their hands to ask for something. pi-rupu-ki-rr-akurupa They held out their hands to welcome them. Karri purru-wuriyi ngawa-mamanta api pu-rru-p-akurupa kangawula. When our friends left they held out their hands in farewell to us. Ngajiti ta-y-akurupa pili ngiya karrikamini. Don't hold your hand out to ask me for anything because I don't have anything. Category: Body functions or actions, Social behaviour.

-akurupwa   See main entry: -akurupa. intransitive verb root 2. hold hand out.

-akuruwuti   See main entry: -akurunginti. intransitive verb root 1. arrive, stop moving, stand still.

-akutuwuni   See main entry: -akituwumi. intransitive verb root 2. fall asleep, go to sleep.

-akuwuluwarrigi   intransitive verb root 2. float. Syn: -akijiti. See: -piyinti; -wupira; -majingipira. Kirawarri piri-maji-rr-akuwuluwarrigi. They floated in the big boat (the ark). Note: Photo by Joy Naden Category: Moving, Change of position or state, Water.

ala   interjection. move!, get out of way ! See: pirri. Yingwampa kakirijuwi pwakayini purru-wuji-ngi-m-ani kangi jarrumwaka, api kiyi yati tini yu-wun-t-iyarra ngini, "Ala! Pili mutika ampi-ni-ja," yimi kangi wutawa. Some children were playing on the road so a man told the, "Move! Because a car is coming," he said to them. Category: Interjections.

ala   See main entry: arlaga. feminine noun. juice, sap, soup, petrol or fuel.

-ala-   See main entry: -warla-. incorporated form 3. spirit of dead person.

alaa   See main entry: arlaga. feminine noun. juice, sap, soup, petrol or fuel.

alaga   See main entry: arlaga. feminine noun. juice, sap, soup, petrol or fuel.

-alakura   See main entry: -alankura. intransitive verb root 2. speak perfectly.

alala   See main entry: alalali. free form verb. flow, run (of fluid).

alalali   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: alali; alala. free form verb. flow, run (of fluid). See: -mangimi. majipani alalali yimi the blood flowed. Ngarra yi-makanya ngarra yikara api majipani alali yi-mi. He cut his hand and it bled. Alalali a-ri-mangi-mi kangi makatinga. The water flows in the river. Awarra ngini pirlinkiti pi-ri-mi api alala yi-mangi-mi kapi yirringarni, api ngini wutawa pirlinkiti turliturli yi-ma. They cried and their tears flowed down into the billabongs, and that made the water salty. [MCS Book 193 p16] Note: Photo (1) by Jennifer Lee and (2) from Simon Howden - www.freedigitalphotos.net/images/view photog.php?photogid=404 Category: Moving, Water, Change of position or state.

alali   See main entry: alalali. free form verb. flow.

alalingiwi   See main entry: alalinguwi. plural noun. adolescent or teenage girls, girls at puberty.

alalinguwi   Variant: alalingiwi. plural noun. adolescent or teenage girls, girls at puberty.Singular: aliyinga. Syn: wawuralawi. See: mirringilaja; wuralaka; tinayijuwi; awirankuwi; mamurrukupwaruwi. Parlingarri karri jarrakarlinga jimulungurumi api awungarri nyirra-purnayi awarra wulimani. Arnuka natinga yimarrimuwani. Waya ngarra-purnayuwi yingampa yinjuluwi amintiya yingampa mamurrukupwaruwi amintiya yingampa alalinguwi. Long ago when a baby girl was born, at that time her promised husband was an old man. he would not have been married to one wife, but (maybe) some older women, some young women and some teenage girls. Category: People, Human stages.

-alam   See main entry: -alami. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. put in, load into, fill, as basket with oysters.

-alami   Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2, Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. put in, load into, fill, as basket with oysters. Syn: -alangimi, -akitimunga. See: -alamiya; -akuriji; -awurinji. pi-ti-p-alami they put (something) in, they filled something up. Karri ngu-wuriyi arrayi api nga-p-alami kangi wulijinga yingampini kangi palaji. When we go for oysters we put them into a tin or sometimes into a bag. Karri ngiya ngu-wunga mipurra api ngimp-alami nginingawila yikara amintiya ngimp-awurijigi kurrijuwa kangi jarrikarli mipurra, kiyi mamana ngimpi-ri-kitikimi awinyirra mipurra. When I go for bark I put my hands and an axe underneath the bark on the Wattle tree and slowly pull that bark. Category: Holding or transfer, Change of position or state. Category: Holding or transfer, Change of position or state.

-wayalami   record (on a tape recorder). Morph: ‑wa‑’words’ +‑alami. Syn: -wayalangimi. Ngimpi-ri-wa-y-alam-ami awarra nginaki ngirramini. I'm starting to record this story. Category: Talking or thinking.

alaminga   See main entry: arlaminga. feminine noun. large barramundi.

alamini   See main entry: arlamini. masculine noun. barramundi.

-alamiya   Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2; Modern Tiwi: intransitive verb root 2. get into, put self in, be in. Syn: -alangimiya. See: -alami; alangimi; -akitimunga; -anyuwumiji. pi-ti-p-alamiya they got in. Awinyirra ji-p-alamiya yilinga kapi tingiwini. There was a carpet snake in the log. (Lit: a carpet snake had put itself in). Ngiya nginti-p-alamiya kapala kiyi ngu-rru-wuriyi mirriparinga. I got into a boat and went to the mangroves. Ngajiti ngimp-a-ja-y-ajimantirrigi pili ngwiyi ji-ngin-ta-y-amurlanga ngini ngiya yinkiti a-timuji-rr-alamiya. Don't take things out because you might steal my things which are in it. Category: Change of position or state. Category: Change of position or state. Category: Change of position or state. Category: Change of position or state. Category: Change of position or state.

aliranga -alamiya   be embarrassed. Morph: aliranga ’shamed’ + verb with root:‑alamiya. Gram: with 'he' as subject Syn: arliranga -kirimi. Karri wawurruwari pi-ri-warri pamati, wuta arnuka aliranga yi-rri-j-alamiya, awuta paparluwi. When they fought the ceremonial war naked they weren't embarrassed, those ancestors.

kangi .... ruwuti -alamiya   be loved by someone. Morph: kangi ’in’ .... ruwuti ’heart’ + verb with root:‑alamiya. Gram: kangi + personal pronoun (referring to person loving) + ruwuti 'heart' and subject of verb is the person loved Lit: put self into someone's heart. Kangi ngiya ruwuti nyimp-alamiya pili nginja nyimpu-ngini-pungintayi (ngiya). I love you ('you are in my heart') because you think about me.

karluwu punyipunyi -alamiya   be brainless, be stupid. Morph: karluwu ’not' + punyipunyi ’brain' + verb with root:‑alamiya ’get into'. Syn: -umwari punyipunyi, -amulijipa punyipunyi; Ant: pupuni or yingarti punyipunyi -wuni. Nginja karluwu punyipunyi a-p-alamiy-ana? Are you brainless?/ Don't you have a brain?

minyawunga -alamiya   think, consider. Gram: with 'he' as subject Morph: minyawunga ’ear canal' + verb with root:‑alamiya ’get into'. Lit: it gets into ear canal. Syn: punyipunyi -ma. See: -pungintayi. Wuta arnuka minyawunga a-t-alamiya ngini awungana wurima kapinaki awurankuwi kapi ninganiwanga wuniwuja. They don't think about what is going to happen to those young ones who are still to come.

alamukarumuni   See main entry: alimukwarumuni. masculine noun. maggot.

alamunga   See main entry: arlaminga. barramundi.

-alangamiya   See main entry: -alangimiya. intransitive verb root 2. get into, be in, put self in.

alangarrika   noun. eyebrow. Syn: wumuringa, alangurrupwanga. Category: Body parts and products.

-alangarti   Variant: fe Þ Old_Tiwi: -walangarti. intransitive verb root 2; Old Tiwi: intransitive verb root 3. go, fall, jump or dive into water. Ques: This was possibly -walangarti (class 3 verb root) in Old Tiwi Syn: julupi -mi. See: tumpunari; -ungarti; -alangartigi; -akupunarli; -kingarti. pi-rri-p-alangarti they fell into the water. Awarra yirrikipayi ngarra putupwarra yi-pirni kangi ngarra yimpwaringa awarra kirijini. ninkiyi yi-p-alangarti kapi juwurti-nara. The crocodile hit the little boy in the side with his tail and he fell into deepish water. Old Tiwi: Kalikali yi-wuji-ngi-mi kangi winga, yi-walangarti kangi mirripaka, nungi yi-mi kipirla kangi winga. Ninkiyi, wutatuwu pi-ri-mi, "Nginja waya awarra yirrikipayi nginiyi," pi-ri-mi. He was running to the sea, he jumped into the saltwater and surfaced out in the middle of the sea. Then they said, "You are now the crocodile," they said. Note: Photo - WEATH095 - Disc - 27 500 Vector Clip art Category: Moving, Change of position or state.

-alangartigi   transitive verb root 1. knock or put someone or something into water. See: -alangarti; -ungartigi; -akupunarligi. pi-rri-p-alangartigi they knocked him into the water. Awarra yirrikipayi yi-p-alangartigi awarra kirijini kapi juwurtinara. The crocodile knocked the little boy into deeper water. Category: Violence or impact, Change of position or state.

-alangimi   Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2. put in, load into, fill, as basket with oysters. Syn: -alami. See: -alangamiya; -awurinji; -akuriji; -awurinji. pi-ti-p-alangimi they put (something) in, they filled something up. Ngawa nga-p-alangimi piranga kangi wulijinga yingampini kangi palaji. Then we put the whelks into a tin and sometimes into a bag. Api awungarruwu karluwu nimarra ngi-rri-ja-mi waya juwa ngi-ri-pitangaya ngini nimarra pi-ri-m-ani. Api awarra nginti-p-alangimi kapi pungintaga kiyi wiyi awarra ngi-rri-p-amukurigi kangi jurra. Well there I didn't talk but just listened to what they were saying. So then what I put into my head I later wrote down on paper. Category: Holding or transfer, Change of position or state.

-alangimiya   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -alangamiya. intransitive verb root 2. get into, be in, put self in. Morph: ‑alangimi ’put in' +‑amiya ’self'. Lit: put self in. Syn: -alamiya. See: -anyuwumiji. pirri-p-alangimiya they got into (a boat/car). nga-ri-ma-rr-awurru-y-alangimiya we are stuffing ourselves. Lit: loading our stomachs with food. Ngawa nginti-p-alangamiya jupulinga kiyi nguntu-wuriyi muputi karrampi. We got into the dinghy and went a long away to fish. Note: Picture by artist at Murripurtiyanuwu Catholic School Category: Being, Moving, Change of position or state.

alangurrupwanga   Usage: Archaic ( old Old Tiwi ). noun. 1 • eyebrows. Syn: wumuringa, alangarrika. Category: Body parts and products.

2 • roots of yam. See: milingira. Category: Plants, Plant parts.

alanjurruka   feminine noun. white colour (feminine), white animal.Masculine: alanjurrukuni. Plural: alanjurrukuwi. See: turtiyangari; kirijipuni. Category: Physical qualities, Colour.

alanjurrukuni   masculine noun. white masculine thing, white male animal.Feminine: alanjurruka. Plural: alanjurrukuwi. See: turtiyanginari; kirijipuni; yanamurli; kirimirrini. Category: Physical qualities, Colour, Animals.

alanjurrukuwi   plural noun. white animals.Masculine: alanjurrukuni. Feminine: alanjurruka. Category: Animals, Physical qualities, Colour.

-alankura   Variant: -alakura. intransitive verb root 2. speak properly. Syn: -wapurimagi. See: -apangiraga. Ant: -wayakirruwa, -wakurruwa, -wamirinyi, -wampilawurrini, -wawumpina. pi-rri-p-alankura-amini they used to speak perfectly. Category: Talking or thinking.

alanyawa   See main entry: arlanyawa. free form verb/predicative. be heavy.

alanyawini or alanyawuni   See main entry: arlanyawini. masculine noun. heavy male; big-headed male (who thinks he is clever).

alanyawunga   See main entry: arlanyawunga. feminine noun. heavy female; big-headed female (who thinks she is clever).

alanyawuni   See main entry: arlanyawini. masculine noun. heavy male; big-headed male (who thinks he is clever).

alanyawuwi   See main entry: arlanyawuwi. plural noun. heavy, big-headed people (who think they are clever).

alapanjiya   See main entry: arlapanjiya. feminine noun. various trees.

alapiningwani   masculine noun. Common Koel, Stormbird. Eudynamis scolopacea. When the Koel gives its distinctive call, it indicates that the wet season will begin soon. Note: Photos by Ian Morris in 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p95 Category: Birds.

alapiyinga   feminine noun. Long Tom fish. Syn: tumpuni, wijinga. See: pirranjinga; wujingini. Note: Picture from ‘Ngawurranungurumagi Nginingawila Ngapangiraga: Tiwi-English Dictionary’ Note: Photo from ‘Tiwi Plants and Animals’ p108 Category: Sea or mangrove or river life, Fish.

alarriga   feminine noun. vine of muranga and kurlama yams. Karri ngawa kularlaga muranga nga-wunyayi alarriga kiyi nga-ri-kurungumi muranga. When we look around for muranga yam, we find the vine and then we dig for the yam. Note: Photo from 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p44 Category: Plants, Plant parts.

alawayi   Variant: walwayi. Usage: New Tiwi. From: English. adverb. always, all along, all the way, throughout. Syn: yimpaja. See: rajru; awunganila. Category: Adverbs.

alawuntawini   masculine noun. species of owl. See: pinjoma; jurrukukuni; kurlamikimi; jupurtumpuni; kuwiyini; purrikikini; arlantirrikini. Category: Birds, Owls.

alawura₁   masculine noun. From: Iwaidja. male boss, manager or leader.Feminine: alawuringa. Plural: alawuruwi. Syn: marntinya. See: amanimajirrorlipirri; awatimanimajirrorlipirri. Parlingarri yimuwu ngini ngarra alawura ngini ngarra Roman awarra. Ngarra awarra yintanga King Augustus. Long ago there lived a boss whose name was a Roman. His name was King Augustus. "Ngini nginja nyimpu-ngi-rr-ajirrigi kangi ngiya, amintiya ngini ngiya nyimpu-ngini-mamula alawura, api ngwiyi ngu-minji-rr-akirayi nginingaji ngatawa murrakupupuni a-pungi-mi," yimi awarra mapurtiti kangi ngawa-yuwuni. "If you bow down to me and call me boss, I will give you the whole world," said the devil to Our Older Brother. Category: People, Human status. Category: People, Human status. Category: People, Human status.

alawura -muwu or -miringarra   be boss, overcome. Morph: alawura + verb with root:‑muwu or –miringarra ’sit’. Ngarra ngawa-rringani yi-kirimi awuta ngini wuta alawuruwi wu-ri-muwu kapi awarra jurra. Father appointed those ones to be leaders in the church. Nyirra karluwu alawura jimatamuwu ngiya awinyirra mirripaka. The beer wouldn't overcome me. Lit: wouldn't be boss over me.

alawura -mi kangi …   Usage: Modern Tiwi. be boss of someone. Morph: alawura + verb with root:‑mi ‘be’ + kangi ‘of’. Awarra tini alawura a-ri-mi kangiya. He is my boss.

alawura₂   masculine noun. From: Iwaidja. bone, pipe (for smoking). See: marntinya₂; pajalirri; marupwangini; pwaja. Note: Picture by SIL artist Category: Things people make.

alawuringa   feminine noun. From: Iwaidja. female boss, manager or leader.Masculine: alawura. Plural: alawuruwi. See: ampimanimajirrorlipirri. Api ju-wati-muwun-t-iyarra ngawa mantanga murrintaka alawuringa. Well our friend, the white woman boss, spoke to us in the morning. Category: People, Human status.

alawuruwi   plural noun. From: Iwaidja. bosses, managers, leaders. Ngarra awarra yi-rupu-rr-amurrumi alawuruwi kapi wuta Romanuwi, api nanginta yi-m-ani kuwinawini ngarra-mamanta Jews, pili awuta Romanuwi, pirri-timart-ani awarra wurripiya. He worked for the Roman leaders, he would ask money from his Jewish friends because the Romans wanted money. Arrami wuta ngwiyi awuta warntirrana wu-ni-ri-muwu ngini nginta ngini arrami ampi-ni-rupu-liyawarntiyarri. Nginingaji yingwampa alawuruwi wu-ri-miringarra kangi kanijawa wu-ri-piningijigi. Amintiya awunganuwanga wiyi yingwampa alawuruwi wu-ri-miringarra anginaki angi kurrampali ngini wu-ri-kirimi tayikuwanga wump-ili-y-intamugi tayikuwanga kurrampali. Maybe some of you will be really important people. For example some of you will be in charge of making bread (Lit: kneading flour). And likewise some will be in charge of building many houses. (Lit: causing many houses to stand). Category: People, Human status.

-ali-   See main entry: -walipi-. incorporated form 3. cut up meat.

alijuta   See main entry: arlijuta. noun. Bamboo, didgeridoo.

alikampwani   See main entry: arlikampwarni. masculine noun. Pelican.

alikapita   See main entry: alikopurra. feminine noun. helicopter.

alikapurra   See main entry: alikopurra. feminine noun. helicopter.

alikija   See main entry: wulikija. adverb. completely, all together.

alikirayinga   feminine noun. good, clever or skilful female hunter.Masculine: alikirayini. Plural: alikirayuwi. Syn: ngapikirayinga, yuwanka; Ant: kumwarninga, kitarrimayinga. Category: Physical qualities, Hunting or fishing.

alikirayini   masculine noun. good, clever or skilful hunter.Feminine: alikirayinga. Plural: alikirayuwi. Syn: ngapikirayini, yuwankini; Ant: kumwarni, kitarrimayini. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals, Hunting or fishing.

alikirayuwi   plural noun. good, clever or skilful hunters.Masculine: alikirayini. Feminine: alikirayinga. Syn: ngapikirayuwi, yuwankuwi; Ant: kumwarnuwi. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

-alikiri   See main entry: -arlikiri. feminine verb root 2. be important, be number one.

alikopita   See main entry: alikopurra. feminine noun. helicopter.

alikopta   See main entry: alikopurra. feminine noun. helicopter.

alikopurra   Variant: alikapurra; alikopita; alikopta; alikapita. Usage: Modern Tiwi. From: English. feminine noun. helicopter. Syn: pipirriwini. Note: Photo from Ykanazawan1999’s photostream (4,581) Category: Introduced items, Transport.

alikwamparni   See main entry: arlikampwarni. masculine noun. Pelican.

-alimonjigi   See main entry: -alimwanjigi. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2. see (from distance), look into the distance.

alimpunga   feminine noun. black currant. Antidesma ghesaembilla. This plant is uncommon on the Tiwi Islands, though it is common in the Top End in general. When the fruit turns black it is very sweet and people eat them. See: wurnika. Note: Photo from 'Tiwi Plants and Animals' p26 Category: Food and cooking, Traditional food, Plants, Plant parts.

alimukarumuni   See main entry: alimukwarumuni. masculine noun. maggot.

alimukwarumuni   Variant: alimukarumuni; alamukarumuni; arimikarumuni. masculine noun. maggot. Syn: yipirti. Note: Photo from Benleto’s photostream Category: Insects and spiders.

-alimwanjigi   Variant: -alimwanjingi; -alimonjigi; -alimwanjingi. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2. see (from distance), look into the distance. Gram: the g becomes ng when there is a suffix following. Syn: -ungira. See: -akurluwunyi; -ipiti; -umani; -akurlupuwunyi; -upuji; -apuji; -wiya; -imiya; -angurupunya; -wujirra -kilurumi; -anyiki; -kunjingira; -kilarrapugi; -apu-; -akirli-; -kili-. pi-ti-p-alimwanjigi they looked and saw from distance. Ngiya nginti-p-alimwanjigi ngimini kapala ampi-nu-wuja. I looked into the distance and saw a boat coming. "Api ngiya ngi-rra-y-alumonjing-uwa," yimi. "Pili karri ngu-wuni-p-amarlingama api nginja ngwiyi tampurtuwa," yimi awarra ngini alawura. "Well I should see from afar" he said. "Because when I return well you will reveal (what you did)," said the one who was boss. Category: Senses, Body functions or actions.

-alimwanjingi   See main entry: -alimwanjigi. Old Tiwi: feminine verb root 2. see (from distance), look into the distance.

-alingi   See main entry: -arlingi. intransitive verb root 2. decay, go bad, rot, be rotten (as of food).

alingiji   Variant: arlingijigi. noun. From: Iwaidja. innards, guts. Gram: One Modern Tiwi speaker gave this as meaning 'windpipe' but this meaning needs to be checked with other speakers. Syn: yila. See: yimata; wiyika; matukwamini; -ajumwanji-. Pakinya nga-wunyawu angi nyirra mipurra awinyirra yilinga kiyi nga-p-ungwagi alingiji nginingaji wiyika, pajukura, yimata, ruwuti. First we throw away the skin of the carpet snake, then we pull out the innards, such as the stomach, liver intestines and heart. Note: Photo by Jennifer Lee Category: Body parts and products.

alingupwanga   See main entry: arlingupwanga. feminine adjective. heavy (feminine).

alingupwani   See main entry: arlingupwani. masculine adjective. heavy.

alingupwawi   See main entry: arlingupwawi. plural adjective. heavy people.

alintini   See main entry: arlintini. masculine noun. Long-tailed Bush Rat.

alipa   See main entry: arlipwa. masculine noun. coconut (tree).

-alipi-   See main entry: -walipi-. incorporated form 3. cut up meat.

alipiwura   See main entry: arlipiwura. masculine noun. Pelican.

Pelican.

alipurrini   See main entry: arlipurrini. masculine noun. thin vine, string, twine, shoe laces.

alipurrunga   See main entry: arlipurrunga. feminine noun. thick vine, rope.

aliputaraka   feminine noun. frog. Syn: arlitirraka, pwankipwanka. Note: Picture by artist at Murripurtiyanuwu Catholic School Category: Frogs, Animals.

aliranga   See main entry: arliranga. predicative. shy, ashamed, embarrassed.

-alirra   intransitive verb root 2. 1 • jump or move sideways, flit. from branch to branch, from tree to tree. See: -marratinga-, -marratingaja, -marratinganga, marratingarlani; marratingarli, kutupi, parliparli. pi-rri-p-alirra they moved from branch to branch. Yi-p-alirra tokampuni kapi nyonga purijirringa. The bird flew to another tree. Category: Moving.

2 • for something to spread. from person to person, as sickness, trouble. See: -kilira; -palirrari; -wutiga. Awarra jana yi-p-alirra kapi nyonga tinga. The sickness spread to another woman. Wuta pu-ru-warri nyirra-mantanga api yi-p-alirra awarra ngirramini. Two friends fought and then that trouble spread. Category: Change of position or state, Sickness or injury and healing.

alitarraka   See main entry: arlitirraka. feminine noun. frog.

alitini   See main entry: arlintini. masculine noun. Long-tailed Bush Rat.

alitirraka   See main entry: arlitirraka. frog. Category: Frogs.

alitiwiyi   See main entry: arlitiwiyi. feminine noun. wallaby with joey.

aliyinga   feminine noun. girl at puberty, young adolescent girl, younger teenage girl.Plural: alalinguwi. See: mirringilaja; murrukupwara; wuralaka. Karri papi pirimi turrunguni, api awungarri ngawa-yuwuni yi-marruriyi awarra alawura wuta ngarra-purnayinga wuta ngarra-mamanta kapi ngatawa yu-wunini, pirri-p-awuriji yilaruwu kapi awinyirra aliyinga ju-wuji-ngi-mil-ani. When they arrived outside then our older brother took that boss and his wife and his disciples (friends that he had) and they went inside to where the young girl lay. Category: People, Human stages.

-alumi   intransitive verb root 2. fall over, fall down, throw self down. Syn: -akupuraji, -awurligi, pwapuwuwa fe Þ or potan fe:with_or_without fe:verb_with_root: -mi. See: -irranyukirruwa. Ngu-p-angulimayi kiyi ngu-wuji-y-alumi pili pirringawini I walk along and I start to fall because I am tired. Api karri papi jiyimi awungarruwu kapi ngawa-yuwuni japuja yima awinyirra yimparlinya, api ji-nu-wu-ja-y-alumi kapi ngatawa yu-wuji-ngi-muw-ani, api ninkiyi awungaji ji-mi-rr-ingilima yimpula. Well when that woman arrived there where our older brother was staying she threw herself down where he was sitting and knelt down there. Note: Picture by Jennifer Lee Category: Change of position or state.

alumpwarni   See main entry: arlumpwarni. masculine noun. tide.

alungwarrani   masculine noun. mangrove tree stick. used for extracting mangrove worms. Syn: ampirlingwarra. See: mirriparingini; milingini. Category: Tools or utensils, Plant parts.

-aluni   See main entry: -arluni. intransitive verb root 2. go across country, take shortcut.

alupurrunga   See main entry: arlipurrunga. feminine noun. thick vine, rope.

alupwarni   See main entry: arlumpwarni. masculine noun. tide.

alurtunga   See main entry: arlitunga. feminine noun. skewer.

-aluwu   Usage: Old Tiwi. nominal or verbal suffix. Gram: It occurs on a noun phrase, a pronoun or a verb. It often co-occurs with yinkitayi 'near' close to. yinkitayi kangi wutaw-aluwu close to them. Category: Direction or location, Adverbs, Position. Category: Direction or location, Adverbs, Position.

-waraparraluwu   sound like. Morph: ‑wa‑’words’ +‑wuraparri ’resemble' +‑aluwu ’close to'. yu-wa-raparr-aluwu the words are close (in sound). Category: Talking or thinking.

am-   See main entry: ampi-. verb prefix. Gram: 1st order of verbal prefixes - subject-tense she.NP.

-am   See main entry: -ami. verb suffix. begin to, move to.

ama   kinship noun. grandmother (father's mother), cousin (father's sister's daughter, mother's brother's daughter). Anth: Term of reference (when talking about the person). Gram: It always has to have a pronoun before it. As in: ngiy(a)-ama ‘my grandmother’.Masculine: -amini. Plural: -ampi, awampi. Term of address (when talking to the person): amawu. Reciprocal term - Masculine: mawanyini 'grandson'. Reciprocal term – feminine: mawanya 'granddaughter'. Reciprocal term – Plural: mwampi 'grandchildren'. See: -maninga. Category: Kin terms.

-ama   See main entry: -awama. nominal suffix. intensity (feminine).

-ama   See main entry: -ma. become.

-amalingama   See main entry: -amarlingama. intransitive verb root 2. return, go back.

-amangi   transitive verb root 2. look after, care for, mind or supervise someone; to keep or retain (custom). See: -pukulumagi. pi-rri-p-amangi they looked after him. Ngini jipitini purnikapa amintiya jipitini yinkiti nyu-wun-t-akirayi, pili yingampini kapi wulikimawi wuta karluwu yinkana wuni, api awuta nga-wun-ta-y-amangi pupuni. We should give old people soft meat and soft food because sometimes old people have no teeth and we need to look after them well. Note: Picture from AuSIL archives Category: Sickness or injury and healing, Social behaviour. Category: Sickness or injury and healing, Social behaviour.

jurra -amangi   hold church (as a priest). Morph: jurra ’church’ + verb with root:‑amangi ’care for’. See: jurra.

amanimajirrorlipirri   masculine noun. biggest boss, king, pope. Gram: really a verb Morph: a‑’he' + + mani‑’us' maji‑’in something' +‑orlipirri ’carry'. Lit: he carries us on his shoulders in something. Syn: awatimanimajirrorlipirri.Feminine: ampinganimajirrorlipirri. See: alawura; marntinya. Ngirramini ngini ngawa-amini, ngini ngawa amini amanimajirrolipirri. Ngarra yintanga john Paul yuwurrara. A story about our grandfather the pope. His name is John Paul the second. Category: People, Human status.

amantingirraga   feminine noun. Woollybutt flower. Eucalyptus miniata. See: mantiyurlaka; pungimitiyarri; timirraringa; pimuwurrantinga. Category: Plants, Plant parts, Trees.

-amantinya   See main entry: -amarntinya. intransitive verb root 2. finish up ceremonies.

-amanyirra₁   transitive verb root 2. pass by, go past someone or something. Syn: -amirripi. See: -mamiji. pi-rri-p-amanyirra they passed by him. Awungarruwu kapi Kwinyita ampirimiringarra waranga Pajuwapura. Api nyi-ta-y-amanyirra awinyirra yiminga. There at Kwinyita there is a rock of the Pajuwapura totem. Well pass by the rock of that totem. Awarra jupwajirringa kutupi yimi kiyi yi-p-amanyirra kapi yikwani jurrumumi yuwujingimani, api yipawurligi maringarruwu. The wallaby jumped and passed over where the fire was burning and came down on the other side. Ji-mini-manyirra-miji karluwu kuawyi jijamamiji. She passed me by on the way but didn't call out. Category: Moving. Category: Moving.

-wayamanyirra   ignore advice or what told. Gram: Old Tiwi: + indirect object prefix Morph: ‑wa‑’words’ +‑amanyirra ’pass by’. Lit: pass by words or talk. Syn: -wamwari, -wayakitiringa. Ngini ngumpu-ngan-t-iyarra, kama nyimpu-ngu-wayamanyirra? Why do you ignore what you told us?

-amanyirra₂   transitive verb root 2. commit adultery. Syn: -irrakirli. See: mikikini; wulinjini. Category: Social behaviour.

-amarlingama   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -amalingama. intransitive verb root 2. return, go back. Syn: -akupawurli, -aparrijingima, -wurtingiliya. pi-rri-p-amarlingama they went back. Karri awarra pakijapura januwurti api a-p-amalingama kangi ngarra-naringa yirripula. When the joey gets tired he returns to his mother's pouch. Category: Moving. Category: Moving. Category: Moving. Category: Moving.

-wunipamarlingama   come back. Morph: ‑amarlingama ’go back’ + direction prefix or suffix. Awarra pulangumwani yi-p-angurlimayi karrampiyama, karluwu yi-ni-j-amalingama tangarima. The dog walked a long way away and did not come back home.

-majamarlingama   take back. Morph: ma‑’with' +‑amarlingama ’go back’. Ta-majamalingami awarra yinkiti kapi ngatawa nginayi ngiya-rringani Take the food back to my father.

-wunimajamarlingama   bring back. Morph: ma‑’with' +‑amarlingama ’go back’ + direction prefix or suffix. Muwa mu-ni-ri-majamalingama awarra naki yinkiti pili wuta paparluwi ngini wuwapa. You and I will bring the food back for the old people to eat.

-amarlu-   incorporated form 2. muscle.

-amarlupwarri   See main entry: -amwarlupwarri. intransitive verb root 2. be weak.

-amarnipa   intransitive verb root 2. 1 • get up, stand up; for water to rise; for plants to come up. Syn: -ukularri, -amilipuri. See: -iminangi-; -amarnipagi; kutupi. pi-rri-p-amarnipa they got up. Karri ngawa nginti-p-angupari, api awungarri nginti-p-amarnipa kiyi mwarliki ngintirimi. When we woke up we got up and bathed. Karri ngiya ngirri-p-angulimayi kapi warta, api yilima yi-p-amarnipa, kiyi kalikali ngi-ri-makirringimi. Amparrimani mapurtiti. Yita wanga jarrangini. When I was walking in the bush the hairs on my body stood up on end and I ran in fright. I thought there was a ghost. But it was only a buffalo. Awuta kapi kuwa wurimi kangi ngawa-rringani wuta wiyi wuni-p-amarnipa, tuwanga yimpanguwi. Those who obey Our Father will rise from the dead. ngu-wa-j-amarnipa I try to get up. Category: Moving, Change of position or state, Christian religion.

2 • set out from. Gram: + LOCATIVE affix See: -ukularri; -amarnipagi; -akirarriji. Awuta pi-ni-p-amarnipa awungarruwu kiyi purruwuriyi kularlaga. They set out from over there and went hunting. Api awuta pi-ni-p-amarnipa Jerusalem. Well they set out from Jerusalem. Category: Moving.

-amarnipagi   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -amanipawi; -amanipayi; marnipagi. transitive verb root 2. lift up, raise. Morph: ‑amarnipa ’rise' +‑gi ’cause'. Syn: fe Þ New_Tiwi: tamanipawi. yi-p-amarnipagi he lifted him up. Wuta wawurruwi pi-rri-p-amarnipagi anginayi waranga kiyi pirripamukurigi yinkitayi kangi kurrampali. The men lifted up the stones and put them around the house. Note: Photo by Jennifer Lee Category: Holding or transfer, Change of position or state.

-amarntinya   Variant: -amantinya. intransitive verb root 2. finish up ceremonies (after a series of yilaniga dances). See: ayipa; -ipaya; -kururiyi; -majakururiyi; -mirrinikila; -wamparri; -wapukinyimi; -wutuwiya; -wankiri-. Kiyi, yoyi pirimani karri yirrajirrima jurra, api awungarri yi-pi-rri-y-amarntinya-mini kiyi ngatawa wunartani yi-pi-rr-akitiringa-mini. Then they used to dance for three weeks and then they would finish up the ceremonies and the bereaved man would perform. Category: Ceremonies.

-amartamigi   Variant: -amartamugi. transitive verb root 2. stick something; to cause something to stick. Morph: ‑amarti ’stick' +‑amugi ’cause'. See: -amarti; -opa. pi-rri-p-amartamigi they stuck it (on something). Ngarra yi-p-amartamigi nginingatawa yirrungwarra. He stuck his photo (on the wall). Category: Change of position or state.

-amartamugi   See main entry: -amartamigi. transitive verb root 2. stick something; to cause something to stick.

-amarti   transitive verb root 2. for something or someone to stick or be stuck to or in something. Syn: -opa, -amilingirringa, -apwarri. See: -amartamigi; -akupwa. pi-rri-p-amarti they stuck (as in mud). Ngarra mirnuwungini yi-p-amart-ajirri kangi waranga. Here are oysters stuck to each other on a rock. Awarra jilamara yi-p-amarti kangi ngiya mipurra. The paint has stuck to my skin. Category: Position. Category: Position.

(yi)jana -amarti   be sick for a long time. Morph: verb with root: –amarti ’stick’ + (yi)jana ’sickness’. Lit: sickness sticks (to someone). See: puruwunjini; -wunji-. Waya yi-min-j-amarti yijana karri ningani-mari. You've got that sickness for good and not just for today.

-amartunguni   Variant: fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -amartuwuni; -amatuwuni. transitive verb root 2. knock something against something else; to knock something over; to strike against; to bump something. See: -amartungura; -kipunga; kangikangi; tangitangi. pi-rri-p-amartunguni they knocked it against something. Karri ngawunga kawarri nga-p-amartunguni awarra kangi purinjirringa. When we get a goanna we knock it against a tree. Karri waya yinkitayi jamutakari api awuta wawurruwi wu-p-amatuwuni purinjirringa. When it is close to the wet season the men knock down trees. Yi-p-amartunguni kangi yakuluwuni. He threw/knocked him to the ground. Category: Violence or impact, Body functions or actions.

-amartungura   Variant: -amatungura. transitive verb root 2. bump against; to bump into; to strike against (as a ship striking a rock); to come across something; to lean against something. Old people use it referring to 'coming across people'. See: -amartunguni, -kipunga, -uwurnikaja; kangikangi, tangitangi. pi-rri-p-amartungura they bumped into or against something. Ngiya ngi-rri-p-amatungura taka. I leaned against (or bumped into) a tree. Karri ngurru-wuriyi kularlaga warta api ngi-rri-p-amatungura awarra ngiya mantani. When I went hunting in the bush I came across my friend. Awinyirra maratinga ji-p-amatungura kapi waranga. The ship struck a rock. Category: Position.

-amartuwuni   See main entry: -amartunguni. transitive verb root 2. knock something against something else.

-amatilayi   intransitive verb root 2. hang. See: jilatari; -akilingimugi; -marriwanka; -marriwankamigi; -awularigi. Karri ji-mi-rr-arawumi ngawa-yuwuni, api awungarri kangi jurra ngangi ji-p-ilipi-y-amatilayi, api kiluwurta ji-p-ilipi-makanya. Kapi kuriyuwu jinipilipimakanya, api ninkiyi kuluwuni. When Our Older Brother died the curtain hanging in the church tore in the middle. It tore from the top to the bottom. Category: Position.

amatimurringika   feminine noun. short female.Masculine: amatimurringini. Syn: karawunga. Category: Describing people or animals, Physical qualities.

amatimurringini   masculine noun. short male.Feminine: amatimurringika. Syn: karawuni. Category: Physical qualities, Describing people or animals.

-amatungura   See main entry: -amartungura. transitive verb root 2. bump against; to bump into.

-amatuwuni   See main entry: -amartunguni. transitive verb root 2. knock something against something else.

-amawini   transitive verb root 2. carry on shoulder, take for short distance. See: -akirtirruwa; -orlipirri; kapaka; pwapuna; -marripi; karrimapi. pi-rri-p-amawini they took it a short distance. Ngiyatuwu naki ta-y-amawini. Take this along for me the short distance (we have to go). Category: Holding or transfer, Body functions or actions.

amawu   kinship noun. grandmother, father's mother; cousin. father's sister's daughter, mother's brother's daughter. Anth: Term of address (when talking to the person).Term of reference (when talking about the person): -ama. Masculine: aminayi. See: maningawu. Category: Kin terms.

-ami   Variant: -am; -mami; -mam. verb suffix. begin to, move to. Gram: -am when follwed by another suffix, - mami following a root which ends in a; normally occurs in combination with wu(j)- 'INCEPTIVE' for the sense of 'beginning something' or wuji(ngi)- ‘continuing’ (for sense of movement).

-ami-   incorporated form 2. shadow. Yimanka ngu-wuji-rr-ami-y-ipuji-amiya. We are watching over our own shadow.

-amigi   Variant: -amugi; -igi; -ugi; fe Þ Modern_Tiwi: -amiyi. verb suffix. cause to. Yingarti jampaka pi-rri-p-apurt-amigi waya. They have built a lot of houses now. Lit: they have caused a lot of houses to go up. Amintiya palampala nga-wuni-muw-amugi. And we make sure they have beds to lie on. Lit: And we cause them to sit on beds. Gram: There are some verb forms, usually transitive verbs, on which -igi, -ugi or -gi seem to be 'fused'. On some cases there is an equivalent intransitive form, without the -igi or -ugi, but in other cases there does not appear to be one. As in: -akupunarligi ‘drown someone; to drench someone or something, as with bucket of water; flood something; to immerse something in water’. Morph: ‑akupunarli ’drown' +‑igi ’cause'. As in: -amarnipagi ‘lift up, raise’. Morph: ‑amarnipa ’rise' +‑gi ’cause'.

-amiji   verb suffix. on the way. See: -miji; -mamiji. Api nyarringari nyi-ta-pirn-amiji. we would kill geese on the way.

-amilingirringa   intransitive verb root 2. for someone/something to stick (as in mud), be stuck (in mud or with barbed spear). Gram: Traditionally only in past tense; More modern use - with non-past also. Syn: -akupwa, -amarti, -opa, -apwarri. See: -amartamigi. pi-rri-p-amilingirringa they got stuck in mud/with spear. Anginanki ji-p-amilingirringa kapi nyirra purnikapa. This girl was stuck with a spear in her body. Note: Photo by Jennifer Lee Category: Position.

-amilingwarra   transitive verb root 2. invite to go with, ask someone to accompany self. pi-rri-p-amilingwarra they asked him to go with them. Category: Talking or thinking, Social behaviour.

-amilipuri   Variant: -amulupuri. intransitive verb root 2. get up. Syn: -amarnipa, -ukularri. See: -iminangi-; kutupi. pi-rri-p-amilipuri they got up. Karri japinari karri tayikuwapi piyani pirimani api nginti-p-amilipuri kiyi nginti-p-angulimayi. In the morning when everyone else was asleep, we got up and walked. Awarra yurrula mamana yi-p-amulupuri kiyi yi-p-angurlimayi kapi tingata. That old man slowly got up and walked to the beach. Category: Moving.

-aminangili   See main entry: -amirnangili. intransitive verb root 2. play (cards, football).

aminayi   kinship noun. grandfather, cousin (father's sister's son, mother's brother's son). Anth: Term of address (when talking to the person).Term of reference (when talking about the person): -amini. Feminine: amawu. Category: Kin terms.

amingaji   See main entry: arramingaji. indefinite adverb. perhaps, maybe.

-amingajigi   See main entry: -amungartigi. transitive verb root 2. 1 • put clothes on; dress (self).

2 • give someone a lift in car or boat.

amini₁   kinship noun. grandfather, cousin (father's sister's son, mother's brother's son). Anth: Term of reference (when talking about the person). Gram: It always has to have a pronoun before it. As in: ngiy(a)-amini ‘my grandfather’.Feminine: -ama. Plural: -ampi, awampi. Term of address (when talking to the person): aminayi. Reciprocal term - Masculine: mawanyini 'grandson'. Reciprocal term - Feminine: mawanya 'granddaughter'. Reciprocal term - Plural: mwampi 'grandchildren'. See: ngimani. Category: Kin terms.

amini₂   indefinite pronoun. something. something found or seen at a distance. Gram: I have not come across a feminine form. See: ngimini; nimini; arramukuwani; amukuwani; arramukamini; amukamini. Ngiya ngirr-a-ri-minagi. Yita wanga amini ngarra awunuwuja. I was ready to go. Then someone was coming (in the distance). Category: Pronouns.

-amini   See main entry: -awamini. nominal suffix. 'intensity' (masculine).

aminiyati   kinship noun. half sibling with same father; cousin sharing a grandfather. Morph: amini ’grandfather' + yati ’one'. Anth: Reciprocal terms (people in this relationship call each other by the same word)Plural: aminiyatuwi. See: yinkalipini; yinkalipa; marrukuluwupi; ngilipi; yuwupi. Nyirra ngiyupoka pili ngawa aminiyati. She is my younger sister because we have the same grandfather. Category: Kin terms.